{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T09:40:39Z","timestamp":1769247639442,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010198","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AGL2016-76069-C2-1-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL2016-76069-C2-1-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010198","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008723","name":"Universidad de C\u00e1diz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PIF UCA\/REC02VIT\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIF UCA\/REC02VIT\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008723","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04326\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04326\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Several studies in fish have shown that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) causes a disparity of species-dependent physiological disorders without compromising survival. We studied the effect of dietary administration of AFB1 (2 mg AFB1 kg\u22121 diet) in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles in combination with a challenge by stocking density (4 vs. 40 g L\u22121). The experimental period duration was ten days, and the diet with AFB1 was administered to the fish for 85 days prior to the stocking density challenge. Our results indicated an alteration in the carbohydrate and lipid metabolites mobilization in the AFB1 fed group, which was intensified at high stocking density (HSD). The CT group at HSD increased plasma cortisol levels, as expected, whereas the AFB1-HSD group did not. The star mRNA expression, an enzyme involved in cortisol synthesis in the head kidney, presented a ninefold increase in the AFB1 group at low stocking density (LSD) compared to the CT-LSD group. Adenohypophyseal gh mRNA expression increased in the AFB1-HSD but not in the CT-HSD group. Overall, these results confirmed that chronic AFB1 dietary exposure alters the adequate endocrinological physiological cascade response in S. aurata, compromising the expected stress response to an additional stressor, such as overcrowding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11030753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T12:08:01Z","timestamp":1615291681000},"page":"753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Aflatoxicosis Dysregulates the Physiological Responses to Crowding Densities in the Marine Teleost Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7493-8200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andre","family":"Barany","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Instituto Universitario de Investigaci\u00f3n Marina (INMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI MAR), University of C\u00e1diz, Puerto Real, 11519 C\u00e1diz, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0430-8734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Fuentes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMar), Universidade do Algarve, Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3379-580X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andaluc\u00eda, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (ICMAN-CSIC), Puerto Real, 11519 C\u00e1diz, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0751-5966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Miguel","family":"Mancera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Instituto Universitario de Investigaci\u00f3n Marina (INMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI MAR), University of C\u00e1diz, Puerto Real, 11519 C\u00e1diz, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sneddon, L.U., Wolfenden, D.C., and Thomson, J.S. 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