{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T20:01:45Z","timestamp":1770753705913,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]],"date-time":"2023-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ocean3R project","award":["NORT-01-0145-FEDER-000064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORT-01-0145-FEDER-000064"]}]},{"name":"Ocean3R project","award":["NORT2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORT2020"]}]},{"name":"Ocean3R project","award":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Ocean3R project","award":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"North Portugal Regional Operational Program","award":["NORT-01-0145-FEDER-000064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORT-01-0145-FEDER-000064"]}]},{"name":"North Portugal Regional Operational Program","award":["NORT2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORT2020"]}]},{"name":"North Portugal Regional Operational Program","award":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"North Portugal Regional Operational Program","award":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement","award":["NORT-01-0145-FEDER-000064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORT-01-0145-FEDER-000064"]}]},{"name":"PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement","award":["NORT2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORT2020"]}]},{"name":"PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement","award":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement","award":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["NORT-01-0145-FEDER-000064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORT-01-0145-FEDER-000064"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["NORT2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORT2020"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["NORT-01-0145-FEDER-000064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORT-01-0145-FEDER-000064"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["NORT2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORT2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of plant feedstuff mixture (PFM) pre-treated by solid-state fermentation (SSF) on the physiological responses of European seabass. For that purpose, two diets were formulated to contain: 20% inclusion level of non-fermented plant ingredients mixture (20Mix) and 20Mix fermented by A. niger in SSF conditions (20Mix-SSF). Seabass juveniles (initial body weight: 20.9 \u00b1 3.3 g) were fed the experimental diets, reared at two different temperatures (21 and 26 \u00b0C) and subjected to weekly salinity oscillations for six weeks. Growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, humoral immune parameters, and oxidative stress indicators were evaluated. A reduction in weight gain, feed intake, and thermal growth coefficient was observed in fish fed the fermented diet (20Mix-SSF). Salinity oscillation led to an increase in weight gain, feed efficiency, daily growth index, and thermal growth coefficient, regardless of dietary treatment. Higher rearing temperatures also increased daily growth index. No dietary effect was observed on digestive enzymes activities, whereas rearing temperature and salinity oscillation modulated digestive enzyme activities. Oxidative stress responses were significantly affected by experimental diets, temperature, and salinity conditions. Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities showed an interactive effect. Fish reared at 21 \u00b0C showed higher enzymatic activity when fed the 20Mix-SSF. Conversely, fish reared at 26 \u00b0C showed higher GPx activity when fed the 20Mix diet. Fish reared at 26 \u00b0C showed reduced peroxidase and lysozyme activities, while salinity fluctuation led to increased lysozyme activity and decreased ACH50 activity. ACH50 activity increased in fish fed the 20Mix-SSF. Overall, the dietary inclusion of PFM fermented by A. niger was unable to mitigate the impact of environmental stress on physiological performance in European seabass. In fact, fermented feed caused an inhibition of growth performances and an alteration of some physiological stress indicators.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13030393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,25]],"date-time":"2023-01-25T03:53:18Z","timestamp":1674618798000},"page":"393","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Solid-State Fermentation of Plant Feedstuff Mixture Affected the Physiological Responses of European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Reared at Different Temperatures and Subjected to Salinity Oscillation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0681-8255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo","family":"Amaral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR-UP), 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Diogo Moreira","family":"Filipe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR-UP), 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Thais Franco","family":"Cavalheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR-UP), 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"L\u00facia","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR-UP), 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9460-6369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui Pedro","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR-UP), 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Belo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4704-553 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2568-8361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Peres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR-UP), 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo O. de A.","family":"Oz\u00f3rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR-UP), 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"IPCC (2022). 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