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Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into control and induced group. The induced animals drink a 10% fructose solution for 14 days. Then, received an administration of streptozotocin (40 mg\/kg). Animals\u2019 body weight, water and food consumption were recorded weekly. To evaluate animal welfare, a score sheet with 14 parameters was employed. Blood glucose levels were measured at three time points. After seven weeks of initiating the protocol, the rats were euthanized. The induced animals showed weight loss, polyuria, polyphagia, and polydipsia. According to our humane endpoints table, changes in animal welfare became noticeable after the STZ administration. None of the animals hit the critical score limit (four). Data showed that the most effective parameters to assess welfare in this type 2 diabetes rat induction model were dehydration, grooming, posture, abdominal visualization, and stool appearance. The glycemia was significantly higher in the induced group when compared to the controls (p &lt; 0.01). Induced animals\u2019 murinometric and nutritional parameters were significantly lower than the controls (p &lt; 0.01). Our findings suggest that in this rat model of type 2 diabetes with STZ-induced following fructose consumption, our list of humane endpoints is suitable for monitoring the animals\u2019 welfare.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13081397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]],"date-time":"2023-04-19T01:09:22Z","timestamp":1681866562000},"page":"1397","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Studying and Analyzing Humane Endpoints in the Fructose-Fed and Streptozotocin-Injected Rat Model of Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2463-5655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Silva-Reis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"CITAB Inov4Agro\u2014Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Tr\u00e1s-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5572-6317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana I.","family":"Faustino-Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITAB Inov4Agro\u2014Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Tr\u00e1s-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Zootechnics, School of Sciences and Technology, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-812 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Center, 7000-812 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7698-1595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9ssica","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITAB Inov4Agro\u2014Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Tr\u00e1s-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Abiga\u00ebl","family":"Valada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITAB Inov4Agro\u2014Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Tr\u00e1s-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3030-4510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITAB Inov4Agro\u2014Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Tr\u00e1s-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Anjos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITAB Inov4Agro\u2014Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Tr\u00e1s-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6573-7511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lio","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Department, University of Tr\u00e1s-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria de Lurdes","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tr\u00e1s-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6872-4051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2861-8286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur M. 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