{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:18:55Z","timestamp":1776644335426,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/00276\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00276\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0059\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0059\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Stanozolol shows promise as an anabolic and anti-catabolic agent for treating degenerative joint disease (DJD). This study assessed the clinical efficacy of a single intra-articular stanozolol injection in canine knees with DJD and its correlation with serum IL-1\u03b2 levels. Thirty dogs (n = 30) were divided into a control group (CG, n = 10) and a study group (SG, n = 20) with DJD. Pain levels were assessed using the Brown query, and radiographs were taken at T0 and T3. IL-1\u03b2 levels were quantified via ELISA. Apart from 2 patients, all showed reduced pain intensity, with 15 patients showing improvement at T1 and 3 patients at T2. A positive correlation (r = 0.84; p &lt; 0.01) was found between pain level and IL-1\u03b2 in 15 patients. No systemic effects were observed. Most patients (18\/20) experienced reduced pain. This pilot study suggests stanozolol\u2019s potential in managing DJD in dogs. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and understand stanozolol\u2019s mechanism in DJD treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14091351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T08:14:31Z","timestamp":1714464871000},"page":"1351","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Pilot Study of the Clinical Effectiveness of a Single Intra-Articular Injection of Stanozolol in Canines with Knee Degenerative Joint Disease and Its Correlation with Serum Interleukin-1\u03b2 Levels"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6784-2806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. Miguel","family":"Carreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anjos of Assis Veterinary Medicine Centre-CMVAA, Rua D.\u00aa Francisca da Azambuja N\u00ba9-9A, 2830-077 Barreiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV\/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade T\u00e9cnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Research in Animal Health (CIISA), University of Lisbon (FMV\/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade T\u00e9cnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of American Laser Study Club\u2014ALSC, Altamonte Springs, FL 32714, USA"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Cota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anjos of Assis Veterinary Medicine Centre-CMVAA, Rua D.\u00aa Francisca da Azambuja N\u00ba9-9A, 2830-077 Barreiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1329-3709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joao","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divis\u00e3o de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR), Rua Presidente Arriaga, 9, 1200-771 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Filipa","family":"In\u00e1cio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV\/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade T\u00e9cnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9462-4679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gra\u00e7a","family":"Alexandre-Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV\/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade T\u00e9cnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Research in Animal Health (CIISA), University of Lisbon (FMV\/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade T\u00e9cnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anjos of Assis Veterinary Medicine Centre-CMVAA, Rua D.\u00aa Francisca da Azambuja N\u00ba9-9A, 2830-077 Barreiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of American Laser Study Club\u2014ALSC, Altamonte Springs, FL 32714, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-015-9640-7","article-title":"Serum and synovial fluid C-reactive protein level variations in dogs with degenerative joint disease and their relationships with physiological parameters","volume":"39","author":"Boal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. 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