{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:25:21Z","timestamp":1760145921992,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310250\/2020-0","UIDB\/04326\/2020","UIDP\/04326\/2020","LA\/P\/0101\/2020","DL57\/2016\/CP1361\/CT0033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310250\/2020-0","UIDB\/04326\/2020","UIDP\/04326\/2020","LA\/P\/0101\/2020","DL57\/2016\/CP1361\/CT0033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310250\/2020-0","UIDB\/04326\/2020","UIDP\/04326\/2020","LA\/P\/0101\/2020","DL57\/2016\/CP1361\/CT0033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310250\/2020-0","UIDB\/04326\/2020","UIDP\/04326\/2020","LA\/P\/0101\/2020","DL57\/2016\/CP1361\/CT0033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study evaluated nematodes as an alternative to live Artemia when provided in a co-feeding regime to Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) post-larvae (PL) reared in a biofloc nursery system. A 20-day experiment employing PL11 was performed for an evaluation of four dietary groups: control [C] (fed exclusively with a dry commercial feed); artificial Artemia [AA] (dry feed composed of extracted and processed Artemia cysts and dry commercial feed); live Artemia and dry commercial feed [LA]; and nematodes and dry commercial feed [N] (Panagrolaimus sp. dry nematodes). The diets were provided twice a day, with the remaining six feed provisions being a commercial dry feed for all experimental groups. A biofloc system was chosen as it offers a potentially sustainable approach to intensive shrimp farming. Alkalinity and pH in the [N] group were significantly higher in the last 5 days of the experiment (p &lt; 0.05), likely causing the significantly lower nitrite levels observed in that same group (p &lt; 0.05). Total and volatile suspended solids were significantly lower in the two live feed groups when compared with [C] and [AA] (p &lt; 0.05). Although PL fed the dry diets exhibited higher growth rates (p &lt; 0.05), the [N] and [LA] groups presented significantly higher final survivals (p &lt; 0.05). No differences were found for survival after a salinity stress test (p \u2265 0.05). These results suggest that nematodes can successfully substitute Artemia in a co-feeding regime for P. vannamei PL reared in biofloc nursery systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14182679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T07:36:00Z","timestamp":1726472160000},"page":"2679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Nematodes Can Substitute Artemia in a Co-Feeding Regime for Pacific White Shrimp Post-Larvae Reared in a Biofloc Nursery System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7037-6554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nils Phillip","family":"Sommer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar (CCMAR\/CIMAR LA), Universidade do Algarve (UAlg), Campus de Gambelas, Building 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6928-5065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateus Aranha","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Camar\u00f5es Marinhos (LCM), Departamento de Aquicultura, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Servid\u00e3o dos Coroas 503, Florian\u00f3polis 88061-600, SC, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Priscila Costa","family":"Rezende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Camar\u00f5es Marinhos (LCM), Departamento de Aquicultura, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Servid\u00e3o dos Coroas 503, Florian\u00f3polis 88061-600, SC, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6362-349X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walter Quadros","family":"Seiffert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Camar\u00f5es Marinhos (LCM), Departamento de Aquicultura, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Servid\u00e3o dos Coroas 503, Florian\u00f3polis 88061-600, SC, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5614-4511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent H.","family":"Seychelles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"E-Nema, Klausdorfer Str. 28-36, 24223 Schwentinental, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9217-0183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Arag\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar (CCMAR\/CIMAR LA), Universidade do Algarve (UAlg), Campus de Gambelas, Building 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9794-8671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe Bo\u00e9chat","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Camar\u00f5es Marinhos (LCM), Departamento de Aquicultura, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Servid\u00e3o dos Coroas 503, Florian\u00f3polis 88061-600, SC, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (2024). 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