{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T06:35:59Z","timestamp":1771482959345,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","award":["2025.05151.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025.05151.BD"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","award":["2025.04664.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025.04664.BD"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Newcastle disease (ND), caused by avian orthoavulavirus 1 (AOAV-1), poses a global threat to poultry and wild birds. In early 2025, an outbreak of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1, genotype VI AOAV-1) was detected in a wildlife rehabilitation centre in northern Portugal, affecting Streptopelia decaocto, Streptopelia risoria, and Columba livia. Birds showed acute neurological signs and died rapidly. Necropsy revealed brain and pulmonary congestion, splenomegaly, and cloacal lesions, while histopathology demonstrated hepatocellular necrosis, hemorrhage, and eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions in hepatocytes and renal tubular cells. Matrix (M) gene PCR using standard primers was negative, but metagenomic sequencing identified genotype VI as being closely related to strains from Iran and Cyprus. Partial fusion (F) gene analysis revealed the velogenic RRQKRF motif. These findings confirm the circulation of highly virulent PPMV-1 in Portugal, highlight that standard, recommended primers may fail to detect some genetically diverse strains, and emphasize the role of Columbidae as reservoirs with potential transmission to domestic poultry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15243563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T14:30:17Z","timestamp":1765463417000},"page":"3563","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Highly Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus in Eurasian Collared Doves in the North of Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2828-7202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme","family":"Moreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednicas Veterin\u00e1rias, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Soraia","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednicas Veterin\u00e1rias, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8374-3739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Gomes-Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednicas Veterin\u00e1rias, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0699-2640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednicas Veterin\u00e1rias, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednicas Veterin\u00e1rias, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Eliane","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednicas Veterin\u00e1rias, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources (CIBIO\/InBIO), University of Porto, 4485-661 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Carmezim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Rehabilitation Center of Parque Biol\u00f3gico de Gaia (CRF-PBG), 4430-812 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Soeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Rehabilitation Center of Parque Biol\u00f3gico de Gaia (CRF-PBG), 4430-812 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8769-8103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o R.","family":"Mesquita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednicas Veterin\u00e1rias, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Estudos de Ci\u00eancia Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ci\u00eancias, Tecnologias e Agroambiente (ICETA), University of Porto, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2025, November 06). 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