{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T16:37:35Z","timestamp":1766507855462,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"National funds from the FCT, the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/04033\/2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04033\/2025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"National funds from the FCT, the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LA\/P\/0126\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0126\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"National funds from the FCT, the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UI\/00772\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UI\/00772\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"National funds from the FCT, the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00276\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00276\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"National funds from the FCT, the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LA\/P\/0059\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0059\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"National funds from the FCT, the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/04129\/2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04129\/2025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"National funds from the FCT, the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LA\/P\/0092\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0092\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) beef products are recognized for their higher quality, although the native breeds used often show lower productivity compared to commercial crosses. This study aimed to compare the proteome profiles of Arouquesa and crossbred beef using 2D-DIGE, and evaluating crude protein, energy, and fatty acid composition. Arouquesa beef had higher energy values (p &lt; 0.05), whereas crossbred samples showed greater protein content (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, Arouquesa beef had higher proportions of microminerals, namely zinc, iron, and manganese (p &lt; 0.05). The Arouquesa breed also presented higher proportions of most fatty acids, including saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated. Proteomic analysis identified 34 differentially abundant proteoforms from 23 proteins. In Arouquesa, proteins associated with muscle contraction (MYLPF, TNNT1), glycolysis\/gluconeogenesis (TPI1, GPD1), oxygen transport (HBB, HBA), and heat shock response (CRYAB, HSPB1) were more abundant or had altered spot patterns, suggesting their roles in meat tenderness, color, and fat-related characteristics. Conversely, crossbred beef showed elevated levels of glycolytic enzymes (PGM1, ENO3, and some proteoforms of TPI1 and GPI) and structural proteins (MYL1), related with higher muscle growth and different fiber composition. The identified proteins provide possible molecular markers that distinguish Arouquesa from commercial breeds. These validated proteins in the future can support breed characterization and verification of PDO certification specifications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16010005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T12:05:35Z","timestamp":1766145935000},"page":"5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Proteomic, Fatty Acid and Mineral Profiles of PDO Arouquesa and Commercial Crossbred Beefs: A Tool for Certification"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6416-9268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Sacarr\u00e3o-Birrento","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF\u2014Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Schlosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vetcore Facility for Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Hummel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vetcore Facility for Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3343-0301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ebrahim","family":"Razzazi-Fazeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vetcore Facility for Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1017-3269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e1tia F.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF\u2014Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4843-1064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel P.","family":"Mourato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF\u2014Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9554-8797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7045-2075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Severiano R.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Animal Science Department, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3171-9566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana P.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Avenida da Universidade T\u00e9cnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3880-3442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos A.","family":"Ven\u00e2ncio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Animal Science Department, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7192-0109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingrid","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Biological Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7810-3988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 M.","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF\u2014Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V\u00e1zquez-Mosquera, J.M., Mercado, E., Fern\u00e1ndez-Novo, A., Gard\u00f3n, J.C., Pes\u00e1ntez-Pacheco, J.L., P\u00e9rez-Solana, M.L., Revilla-Ruiz, \u00c1., Mart\u00ednez, D., Villagr\u00e1, A., and Sebasti\u00e1n, F. 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