{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T02:30:02Z","timestamp":1776738602536,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":235,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CIISA\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal","award":["UIDB\/00276\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00276\/2020"]}]},{"name":"CIISA\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal","award":["LA\/P\/0059\/2020\u2013AL4AnimalS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0059\/2020\u2013AL4AnimalS"]}]},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para Ci\u00eancia Animal e Veterin\u00e1ria (AL4AnimalS)","award":["UIDB\/00276\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00276\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para Ci\u00eancia Animal e Veterin\u00e1ria (AL4AnimalS)","award":["LA\/P\/0059\/2020\u2013AL4AnimalS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0059\/2020\u2013AL4AnimalS"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Enterococcus are opportunistic pathogens that have been gaining importance in the clinical setting, especially in terms of hospital-acquired infections. This problem has mainly been associated with the fact that these bacteria are able to present intrinsic and extrinsic resistance to different classes of antibiotics, with a great deal of importance being attributed to vancomycin-resistant enterococci. However, other aspects, such as the expression of different virulence factors including biofilm-forming ability, and its capacity of trading genetic information, makes this bacterial genus more capable of surviving harsh environmental conditions. All these characteristics, associated with some reports of decreased susceptibility to some biocides, all described in this literary review, allow enterococci to present a longer survival ability in the hospital environment, consequently giving them more opportunities to disseminate in these settings and be responsible for difficult-to-treat infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11070857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T09:00:13Z","timestamp":1656234013000},"page":"857","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Enterococcus Virulence and Resistant Traits Associated with Its Permanence in the Hospital Environment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Catarina","family":"Geraldes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade T\u00e9cnica de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para Ci\u00eancia Animal e Veterin\u00e1ria (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade T\u00e9cnica de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para Ci\u00eancia Animal e Veterin\u00e1ria (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9565-6261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solange","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade T\u00e9cnica de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para Ci\u00eancia Animal e Veterin\u00e1ria (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Biological Isolation and Containment Unit (BICU), Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Universidade T\u00e9cnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3910-1525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade T\u00e9cnica de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para Ci\u00eancia Animal e Veterin\u00e1ria (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.21282","article-title":"Intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms in Enterococcus","volume":"3","author":"Hollenbeck","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Gilmore, M.S., Clewell, D.B., Yasuyoshi, I., and Shankar, N. (2014). 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