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To note, virulent E. coli strains might be transmitted, and also cause disease, in humans. In the last decades, diverse successful multidrug-resistant strains have been detected, mainly due to the growing selective pressure of antibiotic use, in which animal practices have played a relevant role. In fact, according to the different features and particular virulence factor combination, there are four different pathotypes of E. coli that can cause illness in swine: enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) that comprises edema disease E. coli (EDEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Nevertheless, the most relevant pathotype in a colibacillosis scenario is ETEC, responsible for neonatal and postweaning diarrhea (PWD), in which some ETEC strains present enhanced fitness and pathogenicity. To explore the distribution of pathogenic ETEC in swine farms and their diversity, resistance, and virulence profiles, this review summarizes the most relevant works on these subjects over the past 10 years and discusses the importance of these bacteria as zoonotic agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12040682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T02:30:20Z","timestamp":1680229820000},"page":"682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Swine Colibacillosis: Global Epidemiologic and Antimicrobial Scenario"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Maria Margarida","family":"Barros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"I.P\u2014National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinariay Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal"},{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3221-1681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I.P\u2014National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinariay Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9830-0367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I.P\u2014National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinariay Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I.P\u2014National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinariay Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9175-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I.P\u2014National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinariay Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal"},{"name":"LEPABE\u2014Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0000-7387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f3nia","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I.P\u2014National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinariay Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Divanildo","family":"Outor-Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0175-1119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carina","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I.P\u2014National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinariay Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal"},{"name":"LEPABE\u2014Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zimmerman, J.J., Karriker, L.A., Ramirez, A., Schwartz, K.J., Stevenson, G.W., and Zhang, J. 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