{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T23:26:37Z","timestamp":1777591597980,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT\u2014Foundation for Science and Technology of Portugal","award":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Foundation for Science and Technology of Portugal","award":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Foundation for Science and Technology of Portugal","award":["ID16897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID16897"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Foundation for Science and Technology of Portugal","award":["ID17601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID17601"]}]},{"name":"USFQ Collaboration Grant","award":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"USFQ Collaboration Grant","award":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"USFQ Collaboration Grant","award":["ID16897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID16897"]}]},{"name":"USFQ Collaboration Grant","award":["ID17601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID17601"]}]},{"name":"Med-Grant","award":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Med-Grant","award":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Med-Grant","award":["ID16897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID16897"]}]},{"name":"Med-Grant","award":["ID17601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID17601"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Microbial biofilms cause several environmental and industrial issues, even affecting human health. Although they have long represented a threat due to their resistance to antibiotics, there are currently no approved antibiofilm agents for clinical treatments. The multi-functionality of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including their antibiofilm activity and their potential to target multiple microbes, has motivated the synthesis of AMPs and their relatives for developing antibiofilm agents for clinical purposes. Antibiofilm peptides (ABFPs) have been organized in databases that have allowed the building of prediction tools which have assisted in the discovery\/design of new antibiofilm agents. However, the complex network approach has not yet been explored as an assistant tool for this aim. Herein, a kind of similarity network called the half-space proximal network (HSPN) is applied to represent\/analyze the chemical space of ABFPs, aiming to identify privileged scaffolds for the development of next-generation antimicrobials that are able to target both planktonic and biofilm microbial forms. Such analyses also considered the metadata associated with the ABFPs, such as origin, other activities, targets, etc., in which the relationships were projected by multilayer networks called metadata networks (METNs). From the complex networks\u2019 mining, a reduced but informative set of 66 ABFPs was extracted, representing the original antibiofilm space. This subset contained the most central to atypical ABFPs, some of them having the desired properties for developing next-generation antimicrobials. Therefore, this subset is advisable for assisting the search for\/design of both new antibiofilms and antimicrobial agents. The provided ABFP motifs list, discovered within the HSPN communities, is also useful for the same purpose.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12040747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T02:28:12Z","timestamp":1681439292000},"page":"747","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Complex Networks Analyses of Antibiofilm Peptides: An Emerging Tool for Next-Generation Antimicrobials\u2019 Discovery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9908-2418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermin","family":"Ag\u00fcero-Chapin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1328-1732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agostinho","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6128-9504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 R.","family":"Mora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenier\u00edas \u201cEl Polit\u00e9cnico\u201d, Instituto de Simulaci\u00f3n Computacional (ISC-USFQ), Diego de Robles y v\u00eda Interoce\u00e1nica, Quito 170157, Pichincha, Ecuador"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3166-745X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noel","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenier\u00edas \u201cEl Polit\u00e9cnico\u201d, Instituto de Simulaci\u00f3n Computacional (ISC-USFQ), Diego de Robles y v\u00eda Interoce\u00e1nica, Quito 170157, Pichincha, Ecuador"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4761-1784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernesto","family":"Contreras-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Grupo de Medicina Molecular y Traslacional (MeM&T), Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud (COCSA), Escuela de Medicina, Edificio de Especialidades M\u00e9dicas and Instituto de Simulaci\u00f3n Computacional (ISC-USFQ), Diego de Robles y v\u00eda Interoce\u00e1nica, Quito 170157, Pichincha, Ecuador"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 R.","family":"Valdes-Martini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Undoso Consulting, Miami, FL 33185, USA"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Martinez-Rios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Panamericana, Augusto Rodin No. 498, Insurgentes Mixcoac, Benito Ju\u00e1rez, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 03920, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Cesar H.","family":"Zambrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenier\u00edas \u201cEl Polit\u00e9cnico\u201d, Instituto de Simulaci\u00f3n Computacional (ISC-USFQ), Diego de Robles y v\u00eda Interoce\u00e1nica, Quito 170157, Pichincha, Ecuador"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2721-1142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yovani","family":"Marrero-Ponce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Grupo de Medicina Molecular y Traslacional (MeM&T), Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud (COCSA), Escuela de Medicina, Edificio de Especialidades M\u00e9dicas and Instituto de Simulaci\u00f3n Computacional (ISC-USFQ), Diego de Robles y v\u00eda Interoce\u00e1nica, Quito 170157, Pichincha, Ecuador"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias de la Computaci\u00f3n, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y de Educaci\u00f3n Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vestby, L.K., Gronseth, T., Simm, R., and Nesse, L.L. 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