{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T05:43:13Z","timestamp":1773207793586,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CIISA \u2013 Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon","award":["Project UID\/CVT\/00276\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project UID\/CVT\/00276\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen of special concern for ready-to-eat food producers. The control of its presence is a critical step in which food-grade sanitizers play an essential role. L. monocytogenes is believed to persist in food processing environments in biofilms, exhibiting less susceptibility to sanitizers than planktonic cells. This study aimed to test the susceptibility of L. monocytogenes in planktonic culture and biofilm to three commercial food-grade sanitizers and to benzalkonium chloride; together with the genetic subtyping of the isolates. L. monocytogenes isolates were collected from raw materials, final products and food-contact surfaces during a 6-year period from a ready-to-eat meat-producing food industry and genetically characterized. Serogrouping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed genetic variability and differentiated L. monocytogenes isolates in three clusters. The biofilm-forming ability assay revealed that the isolates were weak biofilm producers. L. monocytogenes strains were susceptible both in the planktonic and biofilm form to oxidizing and ethanol-based compounds and to benzalkonium chloride, but not to quaternary ammonium compound. A positive association of biofilm-forming ability and LD90 values for quaternary ammonium compound and benzalkonium chloride was found. This study highlights the need for preventive measures improvement and for a conscious selection and use of sanitizers in food-related environments to control Listeria monocytogenes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9070416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T10:54:46Z","timestamp":1594896886000},"page":"416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Genetic Subtyping, Biofilm-Forming Ability and Biocide Susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes Strains Isolated from a Ready-to-Eat Food Industry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2262-7640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana Catarina","family":"Andrade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIISA\u2013Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio Lopes","family":"Jo\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Bromatologia e Defesa Biol\u00f3gica do Ex\u00e9rcito, 1849-012 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carlos de Sousa","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Bromatologia e Defesa Biol\u00f3gica do Ex\u00e9rcito, 1849-012 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio Salvador","family":"Barreto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIISA\u2013Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9098-4389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rita","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIISA\u2013Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2010.05.002","article-title":"Listeria monocytogenes lineages: Genomics, evolution, ecology, and phenotypic characteristics","volume":"301","author":"Orsi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. 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