{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T20:58:57Z","timestamp":1762981137103,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,11]],"date-time":"2021-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of the study was to assess whether oral intake of a nutraceutical product (Citrolive\u2122) could determine changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and other parameters of lipid metabolism and plasma atherogenic capacity. Citrolive\u2122 is a commercial extract obtained from the combination of citrus fruit flavonoids and olive leaf extracts. Twenty-three untreated subjects (69.6% males, 30.4% females, mean age 41.9 \u00b1 9.4 years) with cardiovascular risk factors and a total cholesterol level &gt;200 mg\/dL and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) &gt; 130 mg\/dL participated in a 3-month randomized double-blind controlled study. Participants in the intervention group (71.4% males, 28.6% females, mean age 42.7 \u00b1 9.7 years) consumed Citrolive\u2122 (500 mg, two capsules\/day), and controls (66.7% males, 33.3% females, mean age 40.6 \u00b1 9.4 years) received a matched placebo. At 3 months, oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) decreased significantly in the intervention group from 93.8 \u00b1 19.1 U\/L to 62.8 \u00b1 28.7 U\/L (p &lt; 0.05), whereas the control group increased from 98.2 \u00b1 23.5 U\/L to 105.7 \u00b1 21.9 U\/L (p = 0.1). Between-group differences were also significant (p &lt; 0.05). Similar findings in the ox-LDL\/LDL-C ratio were observed. Serum paraoxonase activity (PON1) increased significantly in the intervention group from 64.5 \u00b1 15.6 U\/L to 78.7 \u00b1 28.8 U\/L (p &lt; 0.05) but remained unchanged in controls. Consumption of Citrolive\u2122 for 3 months in treatment-na\u00efve subjects with moderate risk of atherosclerosis was associated with a reduction in oxidized LDL-C and LDL-oxidase\/LDL-C ratio as compared to controls.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10040589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]],"date-time":"2021-04-12T03:04:06Z","timestamp":1618196646000},"page":"589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effectiveness of Consumption of a Combination of Citrus Fruit Flavonoids and Olive Leaf Polyphenols to Reduce Oxidation of Low-Density Lipoprotein in Treatment-Na\u00efve Cardiovascular Risk Subjects: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3968-9477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Desir\u00e9e","family":"Victoria-Montesinos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Department, Campus de los Jer\u00f3nimos, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Carretera de Guadalupe s\/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Salud","family":"Abell\u00e1n Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Department, Campus de los Jer\u00f3nimos, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Carretera de Guadalupe s\/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Antonio J.","family":"Luque Rubia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Department, Campus de los Jer\u00f3nimos, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Carretera de Guadalupe s\/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Guill\u00e9n Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department, Campus de los Jer\u00f3nimos, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Carretera de Guadalupe s\/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2027-9075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"P\u00e9rez-Pi\u00f1ero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Department, Campus de los Jer\u00f3nimos, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Carretera de Guadalupe s\/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7589-1344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maravillas","family":"S\u00e1nchez Macarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Department, Campus de los Jer\u00f3nimos, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Carretera de Guadalupe s\/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1021-5385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Garc\u00eda-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Department, Campus de los Jer\u00f3nimos, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Carretera de Guadalupe s\/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8837-1927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"C\u00e1novas Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Department, Campus de los Jer\u00f3nimos, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Carretera de Guadalupe s\/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"}]},{"given":"Juli\u00e1n","family":"Castillo S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Department, iff-Murcia Natural Ingredients, Camino Viejo de Pliego s\/n, 30820 Alcantarilla, Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Food Technology &amp; Nutrition Department, Campus de los Jer\u00f3nimos, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Carretera de Guadalupe s\/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2841-5502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"L\u00f3pez-Rom\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Department, Campus de los Jer\u00f3nimos, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Carretera de Guadalupe s\/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Primary Care Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0106-z","article-title":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Libby","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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