{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T02:02:14Z","timestamp":1770688934472,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation","award":["PRE2019-090805"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRE2019-090805"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lemon is a fruit rich in antioxidant properties and has several health benefits, namely the reduction of skin edema and anticarcinogenic properties, which are due to its high content of bioactive compounds. Melatonin can improve and preserve the properties of lemon for longer and also has health benefits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral administration of lemon juice after melatonin treatment on murinometric parameters of wild-type (WT) mice and transgenic mice carrying human papillomavirus (HPV). Two trials were performed for oral administration of the lemon extract compound: in drinking water and in diet. First of all, lemons were treated by immersion with melatonin at 10 mM. Then, lemons were squeezed, and the juice obtained was freeze-dried and stored to be subsequently added to drinking water or diet, according to the assay. Thus, mice were divided into eight groups in the drink assay (each with n = 5): group 1 (G1, WT, control), group 2 (G2, WT, 1 mL lemon), group 3 (G3, WT, 1.5 mL lemon), group 4 (G4, WT, 2 mL lemon), group 5 (G5, HPV16, control), group 6 (G6, HPV16, 1 mL lemon) group 7 (G6, HPV16, 1.5 mL lemon) and group 8 (G6, HPV16, 2 mL lemon). The diet assay was divided into four groups: group 1 (G1, WT, control), group 2 (G2, WT, 4 mL lemon), group 3 (G3, HPV16, control) and group 4 (G4, HPV16, 4 mL lemon). In the drink assay, the highest concentration of melatonin (308 ng\/100 mL) was for groups 4 and 8, while in the food assay, there was only one concentration of melatonin (9.96 ng\/g) for groups 2 and 4. Both trials lasted 30 days. During this time, body weight, food and water were recorded. Afterward, they were sacrificed, and samples were collected for different analyses. At the concentrations used, the lemon juice with melatonin had no adverse effects on the animals\u2019 health and showed a positive outcome in modifying weight gain and enhancing antioxidant activity in mice. Moreover, a reduction in the incidence of histological lesions was observed in treated animals. Further research is needed to better understand the effects of lemon extract on health and treatment outcomes in this animal model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13050588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T08:59:37Z","timestamp":1715677177000},"page":"588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Effect of Lemon Juice (Citrus limon L.) Treated with Melatonin on the Health Status and Treatment of K14HPV16 Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1578-3869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Badiche-El Hilali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department AgroFood Technology, EPSO-CIAGRO, University Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3909-5903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Medeiros-Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7698-1595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9ssica","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7114-6918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana C.","family":"Silvestre-Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Animal and Veterinary Science (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2151-2449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui M.","family":"Gil da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduate Programme in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65085-580, Brazil"},{"name":"Health Sciences Center, State University of the Tocantins Region of Maranh\u00e3o (UEMASUL), Imperatriz 6591-480, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9729-7477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Peixoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Center-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Biological and Environment Department, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9519-4044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula A.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3945-1629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Valero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department AgroFood Technology, EPSO-CIAGRO, University Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez, Ctra. Beniel km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2005.12.038","article-title":"In vitro evaluation of the antioxidant activities in fruit extracts from citron and blood orange","volume":"101","author":"Jayaprakasha","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carr, A.C., and Maggini, S. (2017). Vitamin C and Immune Function. Nutrients, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9111211"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"73","article-title":"Kidney stones in 2015: Epidemiology, pathogenesis and management","volume":"12","author":"Trinchieri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. 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