{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T08:34:05Z","timestamp":1769762045583,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":244,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"USDA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#PEN04723; Accession #1020664"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#PEN04723; Accession #1020664"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/AGR\/00690\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/AGR\/00690\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"FEDER-Interreg Espa\u00f1a-Portugal","award":["0377_Iberphenol_6_E"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0377_Iberphenol_6_E"]}]},{"name":"FEDER-Interreg Espa\u00f1a-Portugal","award":["TRANSCoLAB 0612_TRANS_CO_LAB_2_P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRANSCoLAB 0612_TRANS_CO_LAB_2_P"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Mobilizador Norte-01-0247-FEDER-024479: ValorNatural\u00ae"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Mobilizador Norte-01-0247-FEDER-024479: ValorNatural\u00ae"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>During the last few decades, the food and beverage industry faced increasing demand for the design of new functional food products free of synthetic compounds and artificial additives. Anthocyanins are widely used as natural colorants in various food products to replenish blue color losses during processing and to add blue color to colorless products, while other compounds such as carotenoids and betalains are considered as good sources of other shades. Root vegetables are well known for their broad palette of colors, and some species, such as black carrot and beet root, are already widely used as sources of natural colorants in the food and drug industry. Ongoing research aims at identifying alternative vegetable sources with diverse functional and structural features imparting beneficial effects onto human health. The current review provides a systematic description of colored root vegetables based on their belowground edible parts, and it highlights species and\/or cultivars that present atypical colors, especially those containing pigment compounds responsible for hues of blue color. Finally, the main health effects and antioxidant properties associated with the presence of coloring compounds are presented, as well as the effects that processing treatments may have on chemical composition and coloring compounds in particular.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8120617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,5]],"date-time":"2019-12-05T03:16:36Z","timestamp":1575515796000},"page":"617","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Grown to be Blue\u2014Antioxidant Properties and Health Effects of Colored Vegetables. Part I: Root Vegetables"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0324-7960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Spyridon A.","family":"Petropoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Crop Production and Rural Environment, Department of Agriculture, University of Thessaly, 38446 Nea Ionia, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4783-7257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shirley L.","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3509-3190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Di Gioia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2719-6627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikos","family":"Tzortzakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Limassol, Cyprus"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1002-8651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youssef","family":"Rouphael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8753-9521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marios C.","family":"Kyriacou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Institute, 1516 Nicosia, Cyprus"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4910-4882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18747","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules191118747","article-title":"The role of acyl-glucose in anthocyanin modifications","volume":"19","author":"Sasaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2017.09.046","article-title":"Towards a new definition of quality for fresh fruits and vegetables","volume":"234","author":"Kyriacou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. 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