{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T01:07:28Z","timestamp":1769044048661,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,26]],"date-time":"2020-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["723658"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["723658"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Portugal 2020 project DM4Manufacturing funded by UE\/FEDER through the program COMPETE2020","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016418"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016418"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Manufacturing and production industries are increasingly turning to robots to carry out repetitive picking operations in an efficient manner. This paper focuses on tackling the novel challenge of automating the bin picking process for entangled objects, for which there is very little research. The chosen case study are sets of freely curved tubes, which are prone to occlusions and entanglement. The proposed algorithm builds a representation of the tubes as an ordered list of cylinders and joints using a point cloud acquired by a 3D scanner. This representation enables the detection of occlusions in the tubes. The solution also performs grasp planning and motion planning, by evaluating post-grasp trajectories via simulation using Gazebo and the ODE physics engine. A force\/torque sensor is used to determine how many items were picked by a robot gripper and in which direction it should rotate to solve cases of entanglement. Real-life experiments with sets of PVC tubes and rubber radiator hoses showed that the robot was able to pick a single tube on the first try with success rates of 99% and 93%, respectively. This study indicates that using simulation for motion planning is a promising solution to deal with entangled objects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app10072264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T09:04:38Z","timestamp":1585299878000},"page":"2264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Detecting and Solving Tube Entanglement in Bin Picking Operations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9081-9268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gon\u00e7alo","family":"Le\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8453-4031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos M.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0317-4714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armando","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3044-6938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Germano","family":"Veiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-94120-2_35","article-title":"Current Research Trends in Robot Grasping and Bin Picking","volume":"Volume 771","author":"Alonso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference SOCO\u201918-CISIS\u201918-ICEUTE\u201918"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matsumura, R., Domae, Y., Wan, W., and Harada, K. 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