{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T07:05:36Z","timestamp":1766732736204,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Junta De Castilla y Le\u00f3n\u2014Consejer\u00eda De Econom\u00eda Y Empleo","award":["J118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J118"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia - Portugal","award":["UIDB\/04111\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04111\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Interruptions in the supply of electricity cause numerous losses to consumers, whether residential or industrial and may result in fines being imposed on the regulatory agency\u2019s concessionaire. In Brazil, the electrical transmission and distribution systems cover a large territorial area, and because they are usually outdoors, they are exposed to environmental variations. In this context, periodic inspections are carried out on the electrical networks, and ultrasound equipment is widely used, due to non-destructive analysis characteristics. Ultrasonic inspection allows the identification of defective insulators based on the signal interpreted by an operator. This task fundamentally depends on the operator\u2019s experience in this interpretation. In this way, it is intended to test machine learning applications to interpret ultrasound signals obtained from electrical grid insulators, distribution, class 25 kV. Currently, research in the area uses several models of artificial intelligence for various types of evaluation. This paper studies Multilayer Perceptron networks\u2019 application to the classification of the different conditions of ceramic insulators based on a restricted database of ultrasonic signals recorded in the laboratory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app11041592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]],"date-time":"2021-02-12T00:49:26Z","timestamp":1613090966000},"page":"1592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["A Study of Multilayer Perceptron Networks Applied to Classification of Ceramic Insulators Using Ultrasound"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nemesio Fava","family":"Sopelsa Neto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Graduate Program, Regional University of Blumenau (FURB), R. Sao Paulo 3250 (Itoupava Seca), Blumenau 89030-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3723-616X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"St\u00e9fano Frizzo","family":"Stefenon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Graduate Program, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), R. Paulo Malschitzki 200 (North Industrial Zone), Joinville 89219-710, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Wascana Parkway 3737, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0569-2416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Henrique","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Graduate Program, Regional University of Blumenau (FURB), R. Sao Paulo 3250 (Itoupava Seca), Blumenau 89030-000, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Bruns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Graduate Program, Regional University of Blumenau (FURB), R. Sao Paulo 3250 (Itoupava Seca), Blumenau 89030-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1798-1215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ademir","family":"Nied","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Graduate Program, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), R. Paulo Malschitzki 200 (North Industrial Zone), Joinville 89219-710, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6806-9122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laio Oriel","family":"Seman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Applied Computer Science, University of Vale do Itaja\u00ed (UNIVALI), R. Uruguai 458 (Centro), Itaja\u00ed 88302-202, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6536-2251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel Villarrubia","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Expert Systems and Applications Lab, Faculty of Science, University of Salamanca, Plaza de los Ca\u00eddos s\/n, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0446-9271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valderi Reis Quietinho","family":"Leithardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VALORIZA, Research Center for Endogenous Resources Valorization, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Portalegre, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Kin-Choong","family":"Yow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Wascana Parkway 3737, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1109\/TLA.2014.7014515","article-title":"Evaluating Electricity Distributors Efficiency Using Self-Organizing Map and Data Envelopment Analysis","volume":"12","author":"Alves","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Lat. 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