{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T10:49:36Z","timestamp":1768819776017,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PD\/BD\/127990\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BD\/127990\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CEECIND\/01434\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECIND\/01434\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50017\/2020+UIDP\/50017\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50017\/2020+UIDP\/50017\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centro 2020 \u2013 Programa Operacional Centro","award":["Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000018"]}]},{"name":"Dire\u00e7\u00e3o Geral de Recursos Marinhos","award":["MAR-02.01.01-FEAMP-0038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MAR-02.01.01-FEAMP-0038"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Halophytes are salt-tolerant plants that can be used to extract dissolved inorganic nutrients from saline aquaculture effluents under a production framework commonly known as Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA). Halimione portulacoides (L.) Aellen (common name: sea purslane) is an edible saltmarsh halophyte traditionally consumed by humans living near coastal wetlands and is considered a promising extractive species for IMTA. To better understand its potential for IMTA applications, the present study investigates how artificial lighting and plant density affect its productivity and capacity to extract nitrogen and phosphorous in hydroponic conditions that mimic aquaculture effluents. Plant growth was unaffected by the type of artificial lighting employed\u2014white fluorescent lights vs. blue-white LEDs\u2014but LED systems were more energy-efficient, with a 17% reduction in light energy costs. Considering planting density, high-density units of 220 plants m\u22122 produced more biomass per unit of area (54.0\u201356.6 g m\u22122 day\u22121) than did low-density units (110 plants m\u22122; 34.4\u201337.1 g m\u22122 day\u22121) and extracted more dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus. Overall, H. portulacoides can be easily cultivated hydroponically using nutrient-rich saline effluents, where LEDs can be employed as an alternative to fluorescent lighting and high-density planting can promote higher yields and extraction efficiencies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app11114995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T00:22:15Z","timestamp":1622420535000},"page":"4995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["LED Lighting and High-Density Planting Enhance the Cost-Efficiency of Halimione Portulacoides Extraction Units for Integrated Aquaculture"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"Cust\u00f3dio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ECOMARE & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Flanders Marine Institute, Wandelaarkaai 7, B-8400 Ostend, Belgium"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5088-843X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Cartaxana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ECOMARE & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"Villasante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Economics, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"},{"name":"Cross-Research in Environmental Technologies (CRETUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"},{"name":"Campus Do*Mar, International Campus of Excellence, Campus Universitario Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1670-9335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Calado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ECOMARE & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"Lilleb\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ECOMARE & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2008.02531.x","article-title":"Salinity Tolerance in Halophytes","volume":"179","author":"Flowers","year":"2008","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"J\u00f8rgensen, S.E., and Fath, B.D. 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