{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T19:18:29Z","timestamp":1775157509006,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2020R1F1A1070538"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020R1F1A1070538"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010446","name":"Institute for Basic Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IBS-R001-D1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IBS-R001-D1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002582","name":"Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GIST Research Institute (GRI) grant 2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GIST Research Institute (GRI) grant 2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002582","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Laser wakefield electron acceleration (LWFA) is an emerging technology for the next generation of electron accelerators. As intense laser technology has rapidly developed, LWFA has overcome its limitations and has proven its possibilities to facilitate compact high-energy electron beams. Since high-power lasers reach peak power beyond petawatts (PW), LWFA has a new chance to explore the multi-GeV energy regime. In this article, we review the recent development of multi-GeV electron acceleration with PW lasers and discuss the limitations and perspectives of the LWFA with high-power lasers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app11135831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T11:28:41Z","timestamp":1624447721000},"page":"5831","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Multi-GeV Laser Wakefield Electron Acceleration with PW Lasers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6050-2374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4193-7556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vishwa","family":"Pathak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Relativistic Laser Science, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Gwangju 61005, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4320-7584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Calin","family":"Hojbota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Relativistic Laser Science, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Gwangju 61005, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9498-2759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Mirzaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Relativistic Laser Science, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Gwangju 61005, Korea"}]},{"given":"Ki","family":"Pae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea"},{"name":"Center for Relativistic Laser Science, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Gwangju 61005, Korea"}]},{"given":"Chul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea"},{"name":"Center for Relativistic Laser Science, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Gwangju 61005, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9220-0402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea"},{"name":"Center for Relativistic Laser Science, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Gwangju 61005, Korea"}]},{"given":"Jae","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea"},{"name":"Center for Relativistic Laser Science, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Gwangju 61005, Korea"}]},{"given":"Seong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea"},{"name":"Center for Relativistic Laser Science, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Gwangju 61005, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.43.267","article-title":"Laser Electron Accelerator","volume":"43","author":"Tajima","year":"1979","journal-title":"Phys. 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