{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T02:45:39Z","timestamp":1770518739336,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centro 2020 program, Portugal 2020","award":["Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the potential of the marine microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica as a sustainable source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) for hen eggs enrichment. During 4 weeks, hens were fed with 3% (w\/w) of Nannochloropsis oceanica supplemented diet. Throughout the assay, eggs were analyzed according to several nutritional and physical parameters, namely: (i) protein, fat, and ash content; (ii) fatty acid profile; (iii) thickness and colour of the shell; (iv) total egg weight; (v) protein quality (HU) and (vi) yolk colour. A remarkable increase in eicosapentaenoic (EPA), from 2.1 \u00b1 0.1 to 5.2 \u00b1 1.2 mg\/100 g, and docosahexaenoic (DHA), from 50.3 \u00b1 4.0 to 105 \u00b1 18 mg\/100 g, fatty acids was observed. Yolk colour also changed significantly according to the La Roche scale, from 9.6 \u00b1 0.8 to 11.4 \u00b1 0.8 (more orange). Feed supplementation did not lead to changes in the remaining analyzed parameters. A shelf life study, carried out for 28 days at room temperature, showed a decrease in eggs protein quality. In conclusion, eggs from hens fed with Nannochloropsis oceanica had a yolk colour more appealing to consumers and higher levels of EPA and DHA, allowing its classification as high in n-3 PUFA (CE n\u00ba 1924\/2006).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app11188747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T07:52:14Z","timestamp":1632124334000},"page":"8747","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Nannochloropsis oceanica as a Sustainable Source of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for Enrichment of Hen Eggs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1553-4745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Neves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Madalena","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Laranjeira Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., Apartado 9, 2449-909 Pataias, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9681-3169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8008-9839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria M.","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2423-0495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Tecel\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2017.1333902","article-title":"Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for Cardiovascular Diseases: Present, Past and Future","volume":"10","author":"Watanabe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev. 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