{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T14:48:21Z","timestamp":1774622901387,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Professional drivers are exposed to whole-body vibration while driving, which contributes to an increased risk of developing physical problems, such as pain in the lower back. This article aims to review the effects of vibration exposure on bus drivers. Searches were performed on the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Only full articles of observational and experimental studies that investigated the effects of vibration on bus drivers with consequences in the lumbar region published in English were included. Data on driver demographics, study design, objectives, bus model, seat model, length of exposure to vibration, and outcomes were extracted. Two studies were classified as evidence level III-2 and three studies as level III-3. The methodological quality of the publications presented one with a moderate and four with a serious risk of bias. In all the publications, pain in the lumbar spine was reported. In conclusion, the results of this systematic review suggest that bus drivers are exposed to mechanical vibration in their work routine, and this might be considered a risk factor for the development of pain in the lumbar spine, bearing in mind that the exposure is for long periods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app11219986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T21:40:21Z","timestamp":1635198021000},"page":"9986","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Consequences of Mechanical Vibration Exposure on the Lower Back of Bus Drivers: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hyago Gabriel Oliveira","family":"Mendes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es Mec\u00e2nicas e Pr\u00e1ticas Integrativas, Faculdade Bezerra de Ara\u00fajo, Rio de Janeiro 23052-180, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"de Moraes Tomaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es Mec\u00e2nicas e Pr\u00e1ticas Integrativas, Faculdade Bezerra de Ara\u00fajo, Rio de Janeiro 23052-180, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5491-6060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Carolina","family":"Coelho-Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es Mec\u00e2nicas e Pr\u00e1ticas Integrativas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alc\u00e2ntara Gomes and Policl\u00ednica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Fisiopatologia Cl\u00ednica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Juliana Pessanha","family":"de Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es Mec\u00e2nicas e Pr\u00e1ticas Integrativas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alc\u00e2ntara Gomes and Policl\u00ednica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Mestrado Profissional em Sa\u00fade, Medicina Laboratorial e Tecnologia Forense, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alc\u00e2ntara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rcia","family":"Cristina Moura-Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es Mec\u00e2nicas e Pr\u00e1ticas Integrativas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alc\u00e2ntara Gomes and Policl\u00ednica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Marco Ant\u00f4nio","family":"de Souza-Gama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es Mec\u00e2nicas e Pr\u00e1ticas Integrativas, Faculdade Bezerra de Ara\u00fajo, Rio de Janeiro 23052-180, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es Mec\u00e2nicas e Pr\u00e1ticas Integrativas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alc\u00e2ntara Gomes and Policl\u00ednica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Francisco Jos\u00e9","family":"Salustiano da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es Mec\u00e2nicas e Pr\u00e1ticas Integrativas, Faculdade Bezerra de Ara\u00fajo, Rio de Janeiro 23052-180, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira de Pr\u00e1ticas Integrativas e Complementares, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Arlete","family":"Francisca-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es Mec\u00e2nicas e Pr\u00e1ticas Integrativas, Faculdade Bezerra de Ara\u00fajo, Rio de Janeiro 23052-180, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4308-2558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Felipe","family":"Ferreira-Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es Mec\u00e2nicas e Pr\u00e1ticas Integrativas, Faculdade Bezerra de Ara\u00fajo, Rio de Janeiro 23052-180, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Mestrado Profissional em Sa\u00fade, Medicina Laboratorial e Tecnologia Forense, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alc\u00e2ntara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6563-8246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aderito","family":"Seixas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-253 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LABIOMEP, INEGI-LAETA, Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0227-3884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Redha","family":"Taiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MATIM, Universit\u00e9 de Reims, CEDEX 2, 51687 Reims, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4718-448X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Bernardo-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es Mec\u00e2nicas e Pr\u00e1ticas Integrativas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alc\u00e2ntara Gomes and Policl\u00ednica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, 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