{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T11:38:25Z","timestamp":1768995505877,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to determine the water demand of a municipal swimming pool complex to propose water use efficiency measures. Concomitantly, the possibility of recycling and reusing the water from filter backwashing was evaluated. The pools consumed 25.6% of water, the filter backwashing 24.5%, and the showers 34.7%. Despite the current impossibility of reducing water consumption in pools and filter backwashing, it is feasible to promote more efficient use of water through reducing water consumption by adopting simple water-saving initiatives for showers, taps, and flushing cisterns. These were organized into three distinct scenarios: (a) flushing cistern volume adjustment and the replacement of washbasin and kitchen taps; (b) flushing cistern volume adjustment and shower replacement and (c) flushing cistern volume adjustment, shower, washbasin, and kitchen taps replacement. Under scenarios 1, 2, and 3, the water consumption reduction was 8.0, 13.2, and 20.4%, respectively. The initial investment for scenario 1 was \u20ac2290.5, \u20ac859.0 for scenario 2 and \u20ac3149.5 for scenario 3; the annual water bill reduction was \u20ac7115.4, \u20ac11,518.1, and \u20ac17,655.9, respectively. Therefore, the turnover of the investment was four (scenario 1), one (scenario 2), and three months (scenario 3). The filter washings attained the required standard for irrigation after being subjected to 15 h of sedimentation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app112210530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]],"date-time":"2021-11-09T10:44:58Z","timestamp":1636454698000},"page":"10530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Improving Water Efficiency in a Municipal Indoor Swimming-Pool Complex: A Case Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6701-7390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flora","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ESTiG, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"FibEnTech, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec-UBI, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4966-2227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana M.","family":"Ant\u00e3o-Geraldes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"FibEnTech, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carmem","family":"Zavattieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESTiG, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Universidade Tecnol\u00f3gica Federal do Paran\u00e1, Campus Curitiba, Curitiba 80230-000, PR, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Afonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESTiG, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1vio","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Tecnol\u00f3gica Federal do Paran\u00e1, Campus Curitiba, Curitiba 80230-000, PR, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7099-0685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Arquitectura, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"FibEnTech, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec-UBI, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.08.006","article-title":"Environmental implications of water efficient microcomponents in residential buildings","volume":"408","author":"Fidar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci. 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