{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T20:05:51Z","timestamp":1760385951358,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020","UIDB\/50020\/2020\u2013UIDP\/50020\/2020","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031268","UIDB\/50011\/2020","UIDP\/50011\/2020 & LA\/P\/0006\/2020","FAPESP 2018\/06908-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020","UIDB\/50020\/2020\u2013UIDP\/50020\/2020","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031268","UIDB\/50011\/2020","UIDP\/50011\/2020 & LA\/P\/0006\/2020","FAPESP 2018\/06908-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"FEDER","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020","UIDB\/50020\/2020\u2013UIDP\/50020\/2020","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031268","UIDB\/50011\/2020","UIDP\/50011\/2020 & LA\/P\/0006\/2020","FAPESP 2018\/06908-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020","UIDB\/50020\/2020\u2013UIDP\/50020\/2020","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031268","UIDB\/50011\/2020","UIDP\/50011\/2020 & LA\/P\/0006\/2020","FAPESP 2018\/06908-8"]}]},{"name":"national funds (OE)","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020","UIDB\/50020\/2020\u2013UIDP\/50020\/2020","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031268","UIDB\/50011\/2020","UIDP\/50011\/2020 & LA\/P\/0006\/2020","FAPESP 2018\/06908-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020","UIDB\/50020\/2020\u2013UIDP\/50020\/2020","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031268","UIDB\/50011\/2020","UIDP\/50011\/2020 & LA\/P\/0006\/2020","FAPESP 2018\/06908-8"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MEC (PIDDAC)","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020","UIDB\/50020\/2020\u2013UIDP\/50020\/2020","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031268","UIDB\/50011\/2020","UIDP\/50011\/2020 & LA\/P\/0006\/2020","FAPESP 2018\/06908-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020","UIDB\/50020\/2020\u2013UIDP\/50020\/2020","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031268","UIDB\/50011\/2020","UIDP\/50011\/2020 & LA\/P\/0006\/2020","FAPESP 2018\/06908-8"]}]},{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)\u2013Brazil","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020","UIDB\/50020\/2020\u2013UIDP\/50020\/2020","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031268","UIDB\/50011\/2020","UIDP\/50011\/2020 & LA\/P\/0006\/2020","FAPESP 2018\/06908-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020","UIDB\/50020\/2020\u2013UIDP\/50020\/2020","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031268","UIDB\/50011\/2020","UIDP\/50011\/2020 & LA\/P\/0006\/2020","FAPESP 2018\/06908-8"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>L-asparaginase (ASNase, EC 3.5.1.1) is an amidohydrolase enzyme known for its anti-cancer properties, with an ever-increasing commercial value. Immobilization has been studied to improve the enzyme\u2019s efficiency, enabling its recovery and reuse, enhancing its stability and half-life time. In this work, the effect of pH, contact time and enzyme concentration during the ASNase physical adsorption onto pristine and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs and f-MWCNTs, respectively) with different size diameters was investigated by maximizing ASNase relative recovered activity (RRA) and immobilization yield (IY). Immobilized ASNase reusability and kinetic parameters were also evaluated. The ASNase immobilization onto f-MWCNTs offered higher loading capacities, enhanced reusability, and improved enzyme affinity to the substrate, attaining RRA and IY of 100 and 99%, respectively, at the best immobilization conditions (0.4 mg\/mL of ASNase, pH 8, 30 min of contact time). In addition, MWCNTs diameter proved to play a critical role in determining the enzyme binding affinity, as evidenced by the best results attained with f-MWCNTs with diameters of 10\u201320 nm and 20\u201340 nm. This study provided essential information on the impact of MWCNTs diameter and their surface functionalization on ASNase efficiency, which may be helpful for the development of innovative biomedical devices or food pre-treatment solutions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app12178924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T20:48:25Z","timestamp":1662410905000},"page":"8924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Unveiling the Influence of Carbon Nanotube Diameter and Surface Modification on the Anchorage of L-Asparaginase"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5165-4766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel O.","family":"Crist\u00f3v\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LSRE-LCM\u2014Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5627-0785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita A. M.","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LSRE-LCM\u2014Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o G.","family":"Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LSRE-LCM\u2014Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"L\u00edlia S.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LSRE-LCM\u2014Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5611-4080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rcia C.","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO\u2014Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8895-0614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mara G.","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO\u2014Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6531-3978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaquim L.","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LSRE-LCM\u2014Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6666-6695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Val\u00e9ria C.","family":"Santos-Ebinuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9128-6275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana P. M.","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO\u2014Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6469-4871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia G.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LSRE-LCM\u2014Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjm.2016.10.007","article-title":"Biopharmaceuticals from microorganisms: From production to purification","volume":"47","author":"Jozala","year":"2016","journal-title":"Braz. 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