{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T18:21:42Z","timestamp":1769192502216,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["PD\/2020.07208.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/2020.07208.BD"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-039555"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-039555"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/04029\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04029\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES","award":["PD\/2020.07208.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/2020.07208.BD"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-039555"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-039555"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES","award":["UIDB\/04029\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04029\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES","award":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems ARISE","award":["PD\/2020.07208.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/2020.07208.BD"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems ARISE","award":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-039555"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0247-FEDER-039555"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems ARISE","award":["UIDB\/04029\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04029\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Associate Laboratory Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems ARISE","award":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>One of the most important factors when assessing the resilience of critical infrastructure is its vulnerability to extreme events. This study focuses on developing correlation maps that define the vulnerability to fire risk of critical infrastructure and its zone of influence. Using an index approach, a vulnerability assessment is challenging due to the fact that observing and measuring certain vulnerability aspects is not too easy. Furthermore, analyzing the unique vulnerabilities of individual elements becomes intricate, given their interdependencies and correlations. Leveraging GIS mapping techniques, we investigate the impacts of infrastructure disruption on neighboring elements and the urban fabric. The methodology enables multiple levels of assessment, facilitating the identification of vulnerable elements and optimizing decision-making processes before and after extreme events. Our findings highlight the significance of prioritizing emergency planning, enhancing accessibility, implementing preventive measures, and adopting a proactive emergency response approach. In conclusion, these measures contribute to mitigating vulnerability and safeguarding critical infrastructure and surrounding communities from extreme events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app13158881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T11:17:17Z","timestamp":1690975037000},"page":"8881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Spatial Vulnerability Assessment of Critical Infrastructure Based on Fire Risk through GIS Systems\u2014Case Study: Historic City Center of Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2477-4126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Urbina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, ISISE, ARISE, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4569-1090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9lder S.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, ISISE, ARISE, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8029-6774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Fekete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Rescue Engineering and Hazard Prevention, Faculty of Plant, Energy and Machine Systems, TH Koln\u2013University of Applied Sciences, 50968 Cologne, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1536-2149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Campos","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, ISISE, ARISE, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1435-0733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabete","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, ISISE, ARISE, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Bank, W. 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