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The aim was to evaluate the influence of each material (the bio-aggregates and adhesive) and their distributions in the boards on the final performance. By carrying out X-ray computed tomography, the internal structures and the porosities of the boards were determined, allowing important considerations of their hygroscopicity. The voids\u2019 percentages were between 26% and 36% of the total volume of the composites. Both the materials and the composites demonstrated high hygroscopicity. In particular, the mixtures of the bio-aggregates and the sodium silicate allowed reaching a moisture buffering value of 7.44 g\/(m2%RH) for the A. donax-based composite, 3.86 g\/(m2%RH) for the hazelnut-shell-based composite, and 4.65 g\/(m2%RH) for the mixture-based composite. Besides the identification of the contributions of the materials, a detailed discussion of the assessed properties was carried out to use these bio-based boards in vernacular historic construction. The results show how the aggregate type and the adhesive content affected the final behavior, demonstrating the importance of a conscious material choice. Furthermore, helpful information for the future development of these types of bio-based boards and their possible optimization was provided.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app14020873","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T08:58:13Z","timestamp":1705654693000},"page":"873","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Hygroscopicity and Morphology of Bio-Based Boards\u2014The Influence of the Formulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2251-8084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Cintura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CERIS), Department of Civil Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, 2829-516 Almada, Portugal"},{"name":"Structures Department, National Laboratory for Civil Engineering, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6849-3241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lina","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Structures Department, National Laboratory for Civil Engineering, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (CE3C), Global Change and Sustainability Institute, University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Hero\u00edsmo, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Molari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3464-6574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Bettuzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy \u201cAugusto Righi\u201d (DIFA), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5697-2325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Pia","family":"Morigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy \u201cAugusto Righi\u201d (DIFA), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6240-5586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa","family":"Brancaccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy \u201cAugusto Righi\u201d (DIFA), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0372-949X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CERIS), Department of Civil Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, 2829-516 Almada, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"European Commission (2019). 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