{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T05:30:55Z","timestamp":1775107855300,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes\u2014CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra","award":["UIDB\/00285\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00285\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes\u2014CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra","award":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study explores the multifaceted effects of acute physical fatigue on information processing, pain threshold, and muscular performance. Enrolling 28 recreational athletes, we used a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol to induce fatigue and conducted pre- and post-intervention assessments. Our findings revealed significant physiological and performance adaptations following the HIIT sessions. Key observations included increased heart rate and rate of perceived exertion and an enhancement in horizontal jump performance and isometric hand strength but no significant change in cognitive processing speed. Remarkably, participants demonstrated a notable increase in pain threshold and blood lactate levels post-exercise. These results challenge traditional views of fatigue, indicating not only a physiological but also a psychological resilience to high-intensity stress. This study provides new insights into the complex interplay between physical fatigue, cognitive function, and pain perception, highlighting the comprehensive effects of HIIT on both physiological and psychological dimensions of human performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app14052036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T08:13:44Z","timestamp":1709194424000},"page":"2036","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Effect of Acute Physical Fatigue on Information Processing, Pain Threshold and Muscular Performance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2397-2801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente Javier","family":"Clemente-Su\u00e1rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s\/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Od\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Cultura, Educaci\u00f3n y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8299-1092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Pedro","family":"Fuentes-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s\/n, 10003 C\u00e1ceres, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1500-355X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Antonio","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, ciTechcare, CDRSP, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"CEMMPRE, ARISE, University of Coimbra, 3040-256 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0747-8133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Francisco","family":"Tornero-Aguilera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s\/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Od\u00f3n, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3557-9767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ismael","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Guardado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela University, C. Castillo de Alarc\u00f3n, 49, Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Madrid, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1136\/jramc-2019-001285","article-title":"Autonomic and Cortical Response of Soldiers in Different Combat Scenarios","volume":"167","author":"Aguilera","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Mil. Health"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1080\/00222895.2016.1241741","article-title":"The Application of Cortical Arousal Assessment to Control Neuromuscular Fatigue during Strength Training","volume":"49","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mot. Behav."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves, C., Parraca, J.A., Bravo, J., Abreu, A., Pais, J., Raimundo, A., and Clemente-Su\u00e1rez, V.J. (2022). 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