{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T17:17:03Z","timestamp":1770139023669,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021.06653.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021.06653.BD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Jumping performance is considered an overall indicator of gymnastics ability. Acrobatic Gymnastics involves base and top gymnasts, considering the type of training that is performed and the distinct anthropometric traits of each gymnast. This work aims to investigate a hierarchy of variables that influence the force\u2013velocity (F-V) profile of top and base acrobatic gymnasts through a deep artificial neural network model. Twenty-eight first division and elite acrobatic gymnasts (eleven tops and seventeen bases) performed two evaluations to assess the F-V profile during the Countermovement Jump and its mechanical variables, using My Jump 2 (a total of 56 evaluations). A training background survey and anthropometric assessments were conducted. The final model (R = 0.97) showed that the F-V imbalance (F-Vimb) increases with higher force and decreases with higher maximal power, fat percentage, velocity, and height. Coaches should prioritize the development of force, followed by maximal power, and velocity for the optimization of gymnasts\u2019 F-Vimb. For training planning, the influences of body mass and push-off height are higher for the bases, and the influences of years of practice and competition level are higher for the tops.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app14083191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T10:55:28Z","timestamp":1712746528000},"page":"3191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Hierarchy of Variables That Influence the Force\u2013Velocity Profile of Acrobatic Gymnasts: A Tool Based on Artificial Intelligence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2425-2504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isaura","family":"Leite","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rcio","family":"Goethel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4885-4924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4109-2939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo","family":"Vilas-Boas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0289-4613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lurdes","family":"\u00c1vila-Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7550-2537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Mochizuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 03828-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1636-2685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipe","family":"Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000247","article-title":"Plyometric training performance in elite-oriented prepubertal female gymnasts","volume":"28","author":"Marina","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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