{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T19:01:53Z","timestamp":1775242913797,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT\u2014Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDB\/04033\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04033\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDB\/00772\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00772\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/04033\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04033\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/00772\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00772\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)","award":["UIDB\/04033\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04033\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)","award":["UIDB\/00772\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00772\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)","award":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"]}]},{"name":"SusTEC","award":["UIDB\/04033\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04033\/2020"]}]},{"name":"SusTEC","award":["UIDB\/00772\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00772\/2020"]}]},{"name":"SusTEC","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"SusTEC","award":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"SusTEC","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The olive oil industry, recognised for its beneficial products for health and food culture, generates a significant amount of by-products that, if not appropriately managed, can pose considerable environmental challenges. This study examined six olive cakes (OC) from the Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro regions, collected on different dates and mills: two obtained by pressing (COC), two by centrifugation (TPOC), including one partially pitted and one dehydrated, and two exhausted (EOC), which were subjected to conventional chemical analyses, namely dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude fat (CF), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) profiling fatty acid (FA) and phosphorus and phytic acid content. The dehydrated TPOC had only 8% moisture content (due to drying), followed by EOC with 10% and COC (65\u201379%). The CF content was high in COC 1 (14.5% in DM), residual in EOC (1.5%) and intermediate in TPOC (9\u201310%). CP ranged from 5.3 to 7.3%. Notably, NDF levels were high (&gt;65% in 5 samples; pitted TPOC 57.4%) and very lignified (ADL &gt; 23%). Different FA profiles were observed: COC had the highest monounsaturated (76.36 g\/100 g), while EOC had the highest saturated (16.56 g\/100 g) and polyunsaturated (14.14 g\/100 g). Phosphorus and phytic acid content (g\/100 g) of EOC 2, TPOC pitted, TPOC dehydrated, COC 1 and COC 2 showed similar values to each other (mean of 0.12 \u00b1 0.02 and 0.44 \u00b1 0.0, respectively), with EOC 1 having the lowest levels (0.07 \u00b1 0.01 and 0.26 \u00b1 0.04, respectively). These results highlight the potential of OCs, especially dry TPOC, which offers transport, conservation and utilisation benefits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app14135586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T04:19:26Z","timestamp":1719461966000},"page":"5586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["From Waste to Resource: Compositional Analysis of Olive Cake\u2019s Fatty Acids, Nutrients and Antinutrients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5670-3231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Pai\u00e9-Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science Department, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4448-2696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipa","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science Department, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8390-4907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science Department, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"AL4animals, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science Department, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"AL4animals, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4607-4796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfredo","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mountain Research Center (CIMO), Laborat\u00f3rio para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha, Polytechnic Instituto of Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5834-6141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Novo","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3052-6989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science Department, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"AL4animals, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0774-5764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divanildo","family":"Outor-Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Science Department, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"AL4animals, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3291","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms13033291","article-title":"Valuable Nutrients and Functional Bioactives in Different Parts of Olive (Olea europaea L.)\u2014A Review","volume":"13","author":"Ghanbari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. 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