{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T17:29:05Z","timestamp":1774459745092,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","award":["PD\/BD\/143161\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BD\/143161\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Recovery and Resilience Plan (PRR)","award":["PD\/BD\/143161\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BD\/143161\/2019"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2014NextGeneration EU","award":["PD\/BD\/143161\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BD\/143161\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The seat characteristics have high relevance in overall comfort on any transportation means. In particular, the foam\u2019s mechanical properties, interface pressure, and contact temperature play an important role in low- or no-vibration situations regarding static comfort. The present work presents the complete protocol for a static evaluation of different foams and seat covers to assess railway seats. Based on the evaluation of the foam\u2019s mechanical properties and interface pressure profiles, it was concluded that higher-density foam (80 kg\/m3) is the most favorable. Regarding the foam cover, a thermographic assessment demonstrated that the fabric cover that induces lower temperatures at passenger interface contact promotes higher comfort levels. It should be highlighted that experiments were conducted on real train seat cushions and environments using a thermographic camera and pressure map sensor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app14177753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T09:56:42Z","timestamp":1725357402000},"page":"7753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Static Factors in Sitting Comfort: Seat Foam Properties, Temperature, and Contact Pressure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6245-7389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CONSTRUCT\u2013LESE, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8624-9904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONSTRUCT\u2013LESE, School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Postolache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, ISCTE-IUL, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1728-2839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Seabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4254-1879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Labiomep, INEGI, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1454","article-title":"Ergonomics and accessibility in passenger trains","volume":"78","author":"Cucu","year":"2016","journal-title":"UPB Sci. 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