{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:25:19Z","timestamp":1760145919501,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/CTA-AMB\/6587\/2020","UID\/QUI\/50006\/2020","UI\/BD\/150867\/2021","CEECIND\/01969\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/CTA-AMB\/6587\/2020","UID\/QUI\/50006\/2020","UI\/BD\/150867\/2021","CEECIND\/01969\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Individual Call to Scientific EmploymentStimulus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/CTA-AMB\/6587\/2020","UID\/QUI\/50006\/2020","UI\/BD\/150867\/2021","CEECIND\/01969\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/CTA-AMB\/6587\/2020","UID\/QUI\/50006\/2020","UI\/BD\/150867\/2021","CEECIND\/01969\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A new method is presented for the simultaneous determination of 13 multiclass pesticides along with glyphosate. The multiclass pesticides were extracted by creating a soil slurry with 2% ethanol in water (v\/v), and then, applying direct-immersion solid-phase microextraction (DI-SPME) with a new type of semi-disposable SPME fiber configuration called LC-Tips. The fibers were then retroextracted to ethanol, and aqueous ammonia was added to the slurry to extract glyphosate. Derivatization of the glyphosate extract was accomplished with a mixture of trifluoroacetic anhydride and trifluoroethanol, after which the reaction mixture was dried and resuspended with the SPME ethanol extract. To this, a mixture of analyte protectants was added, and it was analyzed by GC-MS\/MS in multiple-reaction-monitoring mode. All analytes showed a coefficient of determination greater than 0.95 in the 0.1\u2013100 \u00b5g\/kg calibrated range, and the limits of detection were between 0.1 and 1 \u00b5g\/kg, except for glyphosate, which was 0.01 \u00b5g\/kg. The method shows relatively high replicate relative standard deviation (as much as 37% for five extractions at 20 \u00b5g\/kg), but the isotopically labeled internal standard was effective at mitigating this effect for some analytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app14198584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T17:12:04Z","timestamp":1727284324000},"page":"8584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Simultaneous Determination of Glyphosate and 13 Multiclass Pesticides in Agricultural Soil by Direct-Immersion SPME Followed by Solid\u2013Liquid Extraction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8189-2041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Brinco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CENSE\u2014Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, CHANGE\u2014Global Change and Sustainability Institute, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5853-0192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENSE\u2014Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, CHANGE\u2014Global Change and Sustainability Institute, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1761-7376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco Gomes","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7397-9438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo P.","family":"Mateus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENSE\u2014Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, CHANGE\u2014Global Change and Sustainability Institute, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5606-3591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra B.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENSE\u2014Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, CHANGE\u2014Global Change and Sustainability Institute, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-019-1485-1","article-title":"Worldwide pesticide usage and its impacts on ecosystem","volume":"1","author":"Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"SN Appl. 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