{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:39:49Z","timestamp":1760146789358,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00645\/2020","2022.12483.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00645\/2020","2022.12483.BD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Bolsa de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o para Doutoramento","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00645\/2020","2022.12483.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00645\/2020","2022.12483.BD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Proper selection and application of preprocessing steps are crucial for obtaining accurate segmentation in brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact brain extraction (BE) and bias field correction (BFC) methods have on regional brain volume (RBV) measurements of preterm neonates\u2019 T2w MRI at term-equivalent age (TEA). Five BE methods (Manual, BET2, SWS, HD-BET, SynthStrip) were applied together with two BFC methods (SPM-BFC and N4ITK), before segmenting the neonatal brain into eight tissue classes (cortical grey matter, white matter, cerebral spinal fluid, deep nuclear grey matter, hippocampus, amygdala, cerebellum, and brainstem) using an automated segmentation software (MANTiS). Quantitative assessments were conducted, including the coefficient of variation (CV), coefficient of joint variation (CJV), Dice coefficient (DC), and RBV. HD-BET, together with N4ITK, showed the highest performance (mean \u00b1 standard deviation) regarding CV of 0.047 \u00b1 0.005 (white matter) and 0.070 \u00b1 0.005 (grey matter), CJV of 0.662 \u00b1 0.095, DC of 0.942 \u00b1 0.063, and RBV without significant differences (except in the brainstem) from the manual segmentation. Therefore, such combination of methods is recommended for improved skull-stripping accuracy, intensity homogeneity, and reproducibility of RBV of T2w MRI at TEA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app142411575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T12:58:49Z","timestamp":1733921929000},"page":"11575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of Regional Brain Volume Measurements with Different Brain Extraction and Bias Field Correction Methods in Neonatal MRI"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6347-9827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T\u00e2nia F.","family":"Vaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica e Engenharia Biom\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1050-7193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nima","family":"Naseh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3498-6069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena","family":"Hellstr\u00f6m-Westas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Nuno Canto","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8048-7896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Matela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica e Engenharia Biom\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4323-3942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo A.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica e Engenharia Biom\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00878-4","article-title":"National, Regional, and Global Estimates of Preterm Birth in 2020, with Trends from 2010: A Systematic Analysis","volume":"402","author":"Ohuma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Barkovich, M.J., and Barkovich, J. 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