{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T19:43:59Z","timestamp":1776455039566,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study compared the efficacy of different solutions in achieving patency in teeth filled with AH Plus Bioceramic sealer. Eighty-five premolars with a straight canal were prepared. After sealer placement, a master gutta-percha cone was introduced 2 mm short of the working length. The teeth were stored at 37 \u00b0C and 100% humidity for five weeks before retreatment. Filling materials were removed up to the gutta-percha cone\u2019s length. The canals were then randomly assigned to groups: G1 (control, no solution), G2 (5.25% NaOCl), G3 (17% EDTA), G4 (10% citric acid), and G5 (10% formic acid). The apical patency was attempted with a 10 K file within a period of 10 min, by a blinded operator. Additionally, sealer samples were immersed in the solutions, followed by scanning electron microscopy analysis. The Kruskal\u2013Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. Patency was achieved in all canals except one in the control and one in the NaOCl groups. No significant differences were found in the time required to achieve patency. Acid solutions had a greater impact on the sealer\u2019s structural integrity, and a decalcifying effect of EDTA and citric acid was registered. Apical patency in straight canals obturated with AH Plus Bioceramic sealer was consistently achieved regardless of the solution used.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app15115855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T06:35:09Z","timestamp":1747982109000},"page":"5855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Achieving Patency in Straight Canals Obturated with AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer: An Ex Vivo Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9587-3557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"RISE&CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1991-9418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Cristina","family":"Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Production and Systems, ALGORITMI Center, University of Minho, Rua da Universidade, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4105-8148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Ascens\u00e3o","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, FEUP, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s\/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5885-0724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Pina-Vaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"RISE&CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-1546.2011.00257.x","article-title":"Removal of root filling materials","volume":"19","author":"Duncan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endod. 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