{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:41:59Z","timestamp":1760060519093,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002969","name":"the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic and the Ministry of Industry and Trade","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FW06010422","CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_025\/0007424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FW06010422","CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_025\/0007424"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002969","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the European Structural and Investment Funds of the Operational Programme Research, Development and Education","award":["FW06010422","CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_025\/0007424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FW06010422","CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_025\/0007424"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The article deals with the evaluation of dimensional deformations of a building element manufactured additively from a cement mixture. The study follows up on previous research within the 3DStar project and expands the methodology for monitoring deformations over time. The aim is to contribute to the development of more accurate simulation models for predicting the behaviour of printed structures, especially in the early stages after printing. For the analysis, an experimental \u2018L\u2019-shaped element was designed and printed, whose deformations were monitored using repeated 3D scanning and dimensional changes were evaluated for up to 93 days. The results show that the most significant deformations occur in the first hours after printing due to gravitational loading and mixture curing, while later changes are mainly due to shrinkage. The element\u2019s geometry and the walls\u2019 thickness also play a role. The analysis confirms the effectiveness of the \u2018Caliper\u2019 measurement method and outlines the potential for future use of photogrammetry as a method for online deformation monitoring. The data obtained will be used to optimise printing parameters and calibrate material parameters in the developed simulation software for non-linear numerical simulations in additive manufacturing using cement mixtures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app15179749","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T09:51:21Z","timestamp":1757065881000},"page":"9749","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of Object Deformations Printed by Additive Manufacturing from Concrete Mixtures over Time"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8989-8894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petr","family":"Keller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Manufacturing Systems and Automation, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0685-7585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radom\u00edr","family":"Mend\u0159ick\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Manufacturing Systems and Automation, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-5805(96)00166-5","article-title":"Exploratory Investigation of Solid Freeform Construction","volume":"5","author":"Pegna","year":"1997","journal-title":"Autom. 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