{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:45:52Z","timestamp":1760060752212,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Funds","award":["UID\/04045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04045"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>CrossFit performance is influenced by physiological, neuromuscular, and perceptual factors, yet the extent to which these determinants vary by sex or training experience in standardized CrossFit Workouts of the Day (WODs) remains unclear. This study examined whether variables such as lactate accumulation, oxygen uptake dynamics, jump performance loss, and ventilatory responses relate differently to performance when stratified by sex and expertise. Fifteen trained athletes (eight males, seven females; overall mean age 27.7 \u00b1 4.6 years) took part. Assessments included body composition, squat (SJ) and countermovement jumps (CMJ), and maximal oxygen consumption [VO2max]. On a separate day, they performed Fran (21-15-9 thrusters and pull-ups, Rx or scaled) The prescribed (\u2018Rx\u2019) version used standardized barbell loads (43 kg for men, 29 kg for women), while the scaled version involved reduced loads or pull-up modifications. Respiratory gas exchange and heart rate were continuously monitored, while blood lactate and jump performance were measured pre- and post-WOD. Workout completion time [s] was the primary outcome. Correlation heatmaps explored associations in the overall sample and by sex and expertise. Mean completion time was 422.1 \u00b1 173.2 s (range: 200\u2013840). Faster performance correlated with higher ventilatory responses [\u0394Ve, r = \u22120.60, p = 0.018], greater mean VO2 (r = \u22120.62, p = 0.014), superior jump power [CMJ pre, r = \u22120.65, p = 0.009], and higher post-WOD lactate [r = \u22120.54, p = 0.036]. Sex-stratified analyses showed that males relied on ventilatory efficiency and neuromuscular power, whereas females were more constrained by performance loss and higher resting perceived exertion (RPE). Experts depended on ventilatory and neuromuscular efficiency, while initiates showed stronger associations with decrements in jump performance and higher RPE. These findings highlight subgroup-specific performance profiles and reinforce the need for tailored training strategies in CrossFit athletes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app151910796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T08:22:08Z","timestamp":1759911728000},"page":"10796","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploratory Analysis of Physiological and Biomechanical Determinants of CrossFit Benchmark Workout Performance: The Role of Sex and Training Experience"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5634-9661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Malheiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0184-6780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Forte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5301-854 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center for Active Living and Wellbeing (LiveWell), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5301-854 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Rosell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Performance and Sports Research Center, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Sport and Informatics, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6653-0616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo L.","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5812-1580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rio C.","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"},{"name":"Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mangine, G., Tankersley, J., McDougle, J., Velazquez, N., Roberts, M., Esmat, T., and Feito, Y. 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