{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T11:52:53Z","timestamp":1761738773003,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/50006-Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Qu\u00edmica Verde\u2014Tecnologias e Processos Limpos"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/50006-Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Qu\u00edmica Verde\u2014Tecnologias e Processos Limpos"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In addition to the minerals naturally present in grapes, wine can acquire additional minerals during its production and storage from materials that come into contact with it, including bottling materials. This study aimed to evaluate the concentration of a wide range of elements in white wine samples packaged in 0.75 L green glass bottles sealed with two different closure systems: natural cork stoppers and metal screw caps with a plastic liner. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two closure types for most elements (Li, Be, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Sb, Cs, Ba, and Tl). For V, Cr, Mn, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb, some differences were observed, but without a clear pattern. However, the concentration of Sn was significantly higher in wines packaged in bottles sealed with metal screw caps plus plastic liner. Elemental analysis of the original, unused liners showed negligible content of Sn and other studied elements, suggesting that the Sn in the wine comes from the Sn-plated steel screw cap, despite the presence of the plastic liner. Although the changes in the natural elemental composition under these bottling conditions are not very high and unlikely to pose a health risk to consumers, they may still influence wine stability and sensory attributes. Understanding these effects is important for both wine producers and consumers to ensure optimal wine quality and preservation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app152111486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T09:16:07Z","timestamp":1761642967000},"page":"11486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Metal Screw Cap Closures on Trace Element Profiles in White Wines After One Year in Bottle"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0539-7022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1297-3198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agostinho","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ohana-Levi, N., and Netzer, Y. (2023). Long-Term Trends of Global Wine Market. Agriculture, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture13010224"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"International Organisation of Vine and Wine (2024, November 24). State of the World Vine and Wine Sector in 2023. Available online: https:\/\/www.oiv.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-04\/OIV_STATE_OF_THE_WORLD_VINE_AND_WINE_SECTOR_IN_2023.pdf."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nemzer, B., Kalita, D., Yashin, A.Y., and Yashin, Y.I. (2022). Chemical Composition and Polyphenolic Compounds of Red Wines: Their Antioxidant Activities and Effects on Human Health\u2014A Review. Beverages, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/beverages8010001"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2009.12.004","article-title":"Microbial modulation of aromatic esters in wine: Current knowledge and future prospects","volume":"121","author":"Sumby","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2022.134467","article-title":"The compositional characteristics, influencing factors, effects on wine quality and relevant analytical methods of wine polysaccharides: A review","volume":"403","author":"Zhai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"941","article-title":"What do metals tell us about wine?","volume":"26","author":"Pohl","year":"2007","journal-title":"TrAC"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, D., Wei, Z., Han, Y., Duan, Y., Shi, B., and Ma, W. (2023). A Review on Wine Flavour Profiles Altered by Bottle Aging. Molecules, 28.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28186522"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/10408397909527273","article-title":"Flavor composition of wines: A review","volume":"12","author":"Schreier","year":"1979","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiosc.2020.03.012","article-title":"Variation in the mineral composition of wine produced using different winemaking techniques","volume":"130","author":"Shimizu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biosci. Bioeng."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dumitriu, G.D., Teodosiu, C., Morosanu, I., Jitar, O., and Cotea, V.V. (2019). Quantification of toxic metals during different winemaking stages. BIO Web Conf., 15.","DOI":"10.1051\/bioconf\/20191502024"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mladenova, E., Bakardzhiyski, I., and Dimitrova, E. (2024). Investigation of Elemental Composition in White Wine Treated with Varying Doses of Bentonite. Beverages, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/beverages10040114"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harding, J., Robinson Obe, J., and Thomas, T.Q. (2023). The Oxford Companion to Wine, Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/acref\/9780198871316.001.0001"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leite, C., and Pereira, H. (2017). Cork-Containing Barks\u2014A Review. Front. Mater., 3.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmats.2016.00063"},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Gardner, D. (2008). Innovative Packaging for the Wine Industry: A Look at Wine Closures, Virginia Tech Food Science and Technology."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Furtado, I., Lopes, P., Oliveira, A.S., Amaro, F., Bastos, M.L., Cabral, M., Guedes de Pinho, P., and Pinto, J. (2021). The Impact of Different Closures on the Flavor Composition of Wines during Bottle Aging. Foods, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10092070"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ja50098e","article-title":"Profiling the trace metal composition of wine as a function of storage temperature and packaging type","volume":"28","author":"Hopfer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Anal. At. Spectrom."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/0273-2300(84)90006-0","article-title":"Tin\u2014A toxic heavy metal? A review of the literature","volume":"4","author":"Femfert","year":"1984","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Agency for Toxic Substances Disease Registry (ATSDR) (2005). Toxicological Profile for Tin and Tin Compounds."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (2005). Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies, Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Dietetic products, nutrition and allergies [NDA] related to the tolerable upper intake level of tin. EFSA J., 3, 26.","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2005.254"},{"key":"#cr-split#-ref_20.1","unstructured":"European Commission (2023). Commission Regulation"},{"key":"#cr-split#-ref_20.2","unstructured":"(EU) 2023\/915 of 13 June 2023 on maximum levels for certain contaminants in food. Official Journal of the European Union, Publications Office of the European Union. Available online: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2023\/915\/oj\/eng."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-011-9052-7","article-title":"Metals in wine\u2014Impact on wine quality and health outcomes","volume":"144","author":"Tariba","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."}],"container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3417\/15\/21\/11486\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T05:21:56Z","timestamp":1761715316000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3417\/15\/21\/11486"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["app152111486"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app152111486","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-3417"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2076-3417"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]]}}}