{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T05:55:18Z","timestamp":1764050118263,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Applied Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The incorporation of cattle slurry in soil in short-rotation-cycle poplar cultivations can be a win\u2013win strategy, insofar as a main feedstock derived from local intensive dairy cattle breeding can be used as a natural fertilizer and in bioenergy produced in the same region. The circularity of this process can contribute to boosting local socio-economic value. In this context, this work involved the installation of a poplar SRC plantation with a density of 5330 trees ha\u22121 in a 4000 m2 moderately fertile flat site, which was formerly used as a vineyard. Mechanical dosages of slurry of 0, 26.6, 53.2, and 106.5 Mg ha\u22121, designated as treatments T0, T1, T2, and T3, were applied three times per year during 2019, 2020, and 2021. The variables quantified were related to plant growth, biomass productivity and mass balances of K, P, Cu, Zn, Mg, and N, and organic matter in the whole soil, plant, and slurry system during the first rotation cycle. For treatments T0 and T1, all these seven chemical components showed positive balances in the system, with cumulative demand by soil and biomass being higher than cumulative supply by slurry. Negative balances occurred for P with T2 and T3 and for Zn with T3, so that an overall condition of nutrient saturation of the whole system was not achieved. A no-slurry application, or at most a moderate application equivalent to T1, in the second rotation cycle should therefore be prescribed to allow a nutrient equilibrium status to be achieved through internal seasonal recycling mechanisms. The biomass average productivities ranged from 6.1 to 11.8 Mg ha\u22121 y\u22121, peaking under treatment T2, and are within the typical values for a first rotation cycle for poplar SRCs. The biomass fuel quality was not affected by the slurry treatments. A good performance of plant total height and growth in diameter at breast height suggested that poplar trees were not stressed by the applied slurry. Only treatment T1 could assure that cattle CO2-eq methane emissions were overall equilibrated by the carbon sequestration from poplar cultivation, with an absence of climatic-warming impacts. Treatments T2 and T3 could only partially minimize that impact, which would always exist. Globally, this site-specific analysis showed that, under moderately fertile conditions, controlled cattle slurry fertilization of poplar SRC cultivations, which would assure a long-term steady-state equilibrium, can be a viable option to contribute to decentralized production of bioenergy in rural communities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/app152312403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T09:02:07Z","timestamp":1763974927000},"page":"12403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Fertilization with Cattle Slurry in a Poplar Short Rotation Coppice on Mass Balance of Nutrients and Biomass Productivity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8820-6454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abel","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Agr\u00e1ria e Veterin\u00e1ria (INIAV), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"},{"name":"IDMEC, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5897-687X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF\u2014Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alberto Azevedo","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Agr\u00e1ria e Veterin\u00e1ria (INIAV), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0991-1711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Louzada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, Inov4Agro, Universidade de Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7273-1230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre B.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERIS, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6269-3605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, Inov4Agro, Universidade de Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Am\u00e9lia","family":"Castelo-Branco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Agr\u00e1ria e Veterin\u00e1ria (INIAV), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8841-6606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF\u2014Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4674-5417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF\u2014Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Esta\u00e7\u00e3o Biol\u00f3gica de M\u00e9rtola (EBM), CIBIO, Pra\u00e7a Lu\u00eds de Cam\u00f5es, M\u00e9rtola, 7750-329 M\u00e9rtola, Portugal"},{"name":"BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vair\u00e3o, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9284-5366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina","family":"Menino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Agr\u00e1ria e Veterin\u00e1ria (INIAV), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2017.02.020","article-title":"Improving biomass estimation in a Populus short rotation coppice plantation","volume":"391","author":"Oliveira","year":"2017","journal-title":"For. 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