{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T20:11:41Z","timestamp":1762459901337,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]],"date-time":"2020-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT (Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia)","award":["SFRH\/BD\/146757\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/146757\/2019"]}]},{"name":"ZEPHYRUS research group of the CEG\/IGOT\u2014Universidade de Lisboa","award":["UID\/GEO\/00295\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/GEO\/00295\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Atmosphere"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Urbanized hot spots incorporate a great diversity of microclimates dependent, among other factors, on local meteorological conditions. Until today, detailed analysis of the combination of climatic variables at local scale are very scarce in urban areas. Thus, there is an urgent need to produce a Local Weather Type (LWT) classification that allows to exhaustively distinguish different urban thermal patterns. In this study, hourly data from air temperature, wind speed and direction, accumulated precipitation, cloud cover and specific humidity (2009\u20132018) were integrated in a cluster analysis (K-means) in order to produce a LWT classification for Lisbon\u2019s urban area. This dataset was divided by daytime and nighttime and thermal periods, which were generated considering the annual cycle of air temperatures. Therefore, eight LWT sets were generated. Results show that N and NW LWT are quite frequent throughout the year, with a moderate speed (daily average of 4\u20136 m\/s). In contrast, the frequency of rainy LWT is considerably lower, especially in summer (below 10%). Moreover, during this season the moisture content of the air masses is higher, particularly at night. This methodology will allow deepening the knowledge about the multiple Urban Heat Island (UHI) patterns in Lisbon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos11080840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,10]],"date-time":"2020-08-10T05:07:23Z","timestamp":1597036043000},"page":"840","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Local Weather Types by Thermal Periods: Deepening the Knowledge about Lisbon\u2019s Urban Climate"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0829-2402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Reis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Lisboa, Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning (IGOT), Centre of Geographical Studies, Rua Branca Edm\u00e9e Marques, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, 1600-276 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9357-7639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Lisboa, Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning (IGOT), Centre of Geographical Studies, Rua Branca Edm\u00e9e Marques, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, 1600-276 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ezequiel","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Lisboa, Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning (IGOT), Centre of Geographical Studies, Rua Branca Edm\u00e9e Marques, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, 1600-276 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7272-3089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo","family":"Fragoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Lisboa, Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning (IGOT), Centre of Geographical Studies, Rua Branca Edm\u00e9e Marques, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, 1600-276 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"899","article-title":"A study of the urban heat island of Granada","volume":"20","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. 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