{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T19:26:16Z","timestamp":1775330776846,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a ci\u00eancia e tecnologia","award":["IF\/00819\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IF\/00819\/2015"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","award":["PTDC\/BIA-BQM\/28539\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/BIA-BQM\/28539\/2017"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","award":["UIDB\/04046\/2020 and UIDP\/04046\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04046\/2020 and UIDP\/04046\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plant aspartic proteases (APs; E.C.3.4.23) are a group of proteolytic enzymes widely distributed among different species characterized by the conserved sequence Asp-Gly-Thr at the active site. With a broad spectrum of biological roles, plant APs are suggested to undergo functional specialization and to be crucial in developmental processes, such as in both biotic and abiotic stress responses. Over the last decade, an increasing number of publications highlighted the APs\u2019 involvement in plant defense responses against a diversity of stresses. In contrast, few studies regarding pathogen-secreted APs and AP inhibitors have been published so far. In this review, we provide a comprehensive picture of aspartic proteases from plant and pathogenic origins, focusing on their relevance and participation in defense and offense strategies in plant\u2013pathogen interactions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10020075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T09:49:21Z","timestamp":1611222561000},"page":"75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Defense and Offense Strategies: The Role of Aspartic Proteases in Plant\u2013Pathogen Interactions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9299-840X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosystems &amp; Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7809-6813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita B.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosystems &amp; Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8156-7700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreia","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosystems &amp; Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1002\/andp.18361140612","article-title":"Ueber das Wesen des Verdauungsprocesses","volume":"114","author":"Schwann","year":"1836","journal-title":"Ann. 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