{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:51:09Z","timestamp":1760143869049,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]],"date-time":"2024-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Northern Regional Operational Program under the HEALTH-UNORTE project","award":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020","CINTESIS\u2014UIDB\/4255\/2020","UIDB\/00051\/2020","UIDP\/00051\/2020","NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","2023.03003.BD","UI\/BD\/152306\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020","CINTESIS\u2014UIDB\/4255\/2020","UIDB\/00051\/2020","UIDP\/00051\/2020","NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","2023.03003.BD","UI\/BD\/152306\/2021"]}]},{"name":"FCT Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia. I.P. within the scope of the projects","award":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020","CINTESIS\u2014UIDB\/4255\/2020","UIDB\/00051\/2020","UIDP\/00051\/2020","NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","2023.03003.BD","UI\/BD\/152306\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020","CINTESIS\u2014UIDB\/4255\/2020","UIDB\/00051\/2020","UIDP\/00051\/2020","NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","2023.03003.BD","UI\/BD\/152306\/2021"]}]},{"name":"Cardiovascular R&amp;D Center","award":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020","CINTESIS\u2014UIDB\/4255\/2020","UIDB\/00051\/2020","UIDP\/00051\/2020","NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","2023.03003.BD","UI\/BD\/152306\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020","CINTESIS\u2014UIDB\/4255\/2020","UIDB\/00051\/2020","UIDP\/00051\/2020","NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","2023.03003.BD","UI\/BD\/152306\/2021"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) via the Northern Regional Operational Program under the HEALTH-UNORTE project","award":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020","CINTESIS\u2014UIDB\/4255\/2020","UIDB\/00051\/2020","UIDP\/00051\/2020","NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","2023.03003.BD","UI\/BD\/152306\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020","CINTESIS\u2014UIDB\/4255\/2020","UIDB\/00051\/2020","UIDP\/00051\/2020","NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","2023.03003.BD","UI\/BD\/152306\/2021"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES (Foundation for Science and Technology and Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education)","award":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020","CINTESIS\u2014UIDB\/4255\/2020","UIDB\/00051\/2020","UIDP\/00051\/2020","NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","2023.03003.BD","UI\/BD\/152306\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020","CINTESIS\u2014UIDB\/4255\/2020","UIDB\/00051\/2020","UIDP\/00051\/2020","NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","2023.03003.BD","UI\/BD\/152306\/2021"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES (Foundation for Science and Technology and Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education) under CINTESIS by a Ph.D. scholarship","award":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020","CINTESIS\u2014UIDB\/4255\/2020","UIDB\/00051\/2020","UIDP\/00051\/2020","NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","2023.03003.BD","UI\/BD\/152306\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","RISE\u2014LA\/P\/0053\/2020","CINTESIS\u2014UIDB\/4255\/2020","UIDB\/00051\/2020","UIDP\/00051\/2020","NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000039","2023.03003.BD","UI\/BD\/152306\/2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The consumption of non-sugar sweeteners (NSS) has increased during pregnancy. The European Food Safety Agency suggested that steviol glycosides, such as Rebaudioside A (RebA), the major sweetener component of stevia, are safe for humans up to a dose of 4 mg\/kg body weight\/day. However, the World Health Organization recommended in 2023 the restraint of using NSS, including stevia, at any life stage, highlighting the need to study NSS safety in early periods of development. We aimed to study the mitochondrial and cardiometabolic effects of long-term RebA consumption during the reproductive stage of the life cycle. Female rats were exposed to RebA (4 mg steviol equivalents\/kg body weight\/day) in the drinking water from 4 weeks before mating until weaning. Morphometry, food and water consumption, glucose and lipid homeostasis, heart structure, function, and mitochondrial function were assessed. RebA showed an atrophic effect in the heart, decreasing cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area and myocardial fibrosis without repercussions on cardiac function. Mitochondrial and myofilamentary functions were not altered. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were not affected, but fasting glycemia and total plasma cholesterol decreased. This work suggests that this RebA dose is safe for female consumption during the reproductive stage, from a cardiometabolic perspective. However, studies on the effects of RebA exposure on the offspring are mandatory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biology13030163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T04:36:21Z","timestamp":1709526981000},"page":"163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Cardiometabolic Impact of Rebaudioside A Exposure during the Reproductive Stage"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1923-3579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabella","family":"Bracchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Biochemistry, Department Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS, Center for Health Technology and Services Research, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Functional Sciences, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3783-6074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CINTESIS, Center for Health Technology and Services Research, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Functional Sciences, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3769-8962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UniC@RISE, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2080-309X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UniC@RISE, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8329-3758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UniC@RISE, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4452-6149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UniC@RISE, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism, NOVA Medical School|FCM, NOVA University Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5386-8378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UniC@RISE, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4836-6311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Biochemistry, Department Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Pathology, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1937-3782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Falc\u00e3o-Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UniC@RISE, Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento Cardiovascular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3904-9907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Keating","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Biochemistry, Department Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0733-4412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Negr\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Biochemistry, Department Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022). 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