{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T19:12:28Z","timestamp":1776971548665,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]],"date-time":"2020-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Avocado and soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) constitute vegetable extracts made from fruits and seeds of avocado and soybean oil. Characterized by its potent anti-inflammatory effects, this ASU mixture is recommended to act as an adjuvant treatment for osteoarthritic pain and slow-acting symptomatic treatment of hip and knee osteoarthritis; autoimmune diseases; diffuse scleroderma and scleroderma-like states (e.g., morphea, sclerodactyly, scleroderma in bands). Besides, it was reported that it can improve the mood and quality of life of postmenopausal women in reducing menopause-related symptoms. This article aims to summarize the studies on biological effects of the avocado\u2013soybean unsaponifiable, its chemical composition, pharmacotherapy as well as applications in autoimmune, osteoarticular and menopausal disorders. Finally, we will also discuss on its safety, toxicological and regulatory practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10010130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]],"date-time":"2020-01-13T04:05:51Z","timestamp":1578888351000},"page":"130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Avocado\u2013Soybean Unsaponifiables: A Panoply of Potentialities to Be Exploited"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6900-9797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bahare","family":"Salehi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2855-8378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Rescigno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5958-108X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tinuccia","family":"Dettori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1523-9116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Calina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}]},{"given":"Anca Oana","family":"Docea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}]},{"given":"Laxman","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment &amp; Sustainable Development Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, Uttarakhand 263643, India"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Cebeci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bayburt University, 69000 Bayburt, Turkey"}]},{"given":"Beraat","family":"\u00d6z\u00e7elik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey"},{"name":"Bioactive Research &amp; Innovation Food Manufac. Indust. Trade Ltd., Katar Street, Teknokent ARI-3, B110, Sar\u0131yer, 34467 Istanbul, Turkey"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0706-2058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Bhia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 1634764651 Tehran, Iran"}]},{"given":"Amirreza","family":"Dowlati Beirami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 11369 Tehran, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7301-8151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javad","family":"Sharifi-Rad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1991953381 Tehran, Iran"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0378-8887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farukh","family":"Sharopov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, 734003 Dushanbe, Tajikistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4174-4586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"C. Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Hong Kong 999077, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5934-5201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202485","article-title":"Randomised, controlled trial of avocado-soybean unsaponifiable (Piascledine) effect on structure modification in hip osteoarthritis: The ERADIAS study","volume":"73","author":"Maheu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. 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