{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T21:27:32Z","timestamp":1774992452063,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/CTM\/50011\/2019 , POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007679,UID\/BIM\/04501\/2019,  UID\/BIM\/04501\/2020 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/CTM\/50011\/2019 , POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007679,UID\/BIM\/04501\/2019,  UID\/BIM\/04501\/2020 and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007628"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERC-2014-AdG \u2013 669858"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERC-2014-AdG \u2013 669858"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Portuguese National NMR Network (PTNMR)","award":["Infrastructure Project N\u00ba 022161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Infrastructure Project N\u00ba 022161"]}]},{"name":"Integrated Programme CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000003","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028835"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028835"]}]},{"name":"FCT-SPQ (Portuguese Chemical Society)\/Periodic Table protocol","award":["PhD grant (no grant number)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PhD grant (no grant number)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The metabolic characteristics of metastatic and non-metastatic breast carcinomas remain poorly studied. In this work, untargeted Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) metabolomics was used to compare two medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)-induced mammary carcinomas lines with different metastatic abilities. Different metabolic signatures distinguished the non-metastatic (59-2-HI) and the metastatic (C7-2-HI) lines, with glucose, amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism and lipid metabolism as the major affected pathways. Non-metastatic tumours appeared to be characterised by: (a) reduced glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) activities, possibly resulting in slower NADH biosynthesis and reduced mitochondrial transport chain activity and ATP synthesis; (b) glutamate accumulation possibly related to reduced glutathione activity and reduced mTORC1 activity; and (c) a clear shift to lower phosphoscholine\/glycerophosphocholine ratios and sphingomyelin levels. Within each tumour line, metabolic profiles also differed significantly between tumours (i.e., mice). Metastatic tumours exhibited marked inter-tumour changes in polar compounds, some suggesting different glycolytic capacities. Such tumours also showed larger intra-tumour variations in metabolites involved in nucleotide and cholesterol\/fatty acid metabolism, in tandem with less changes in TCA and phospholipid metabolism, compared to non-metastatic tumours. This study shows the valuable contribution of untargeted NMR metabolomics to characterise tumour metabolism, thus opening enticing opportunities to find metabolic markers related to metastatic ability in endocrine breast cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10091242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T08:05:18Z","timestamp":1598515518000},"page":"1242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Hormone-Independent Mouse Mammary Adenocarcinomas with Different Metastatic Potential Exhibit Different Metabolic Signatures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Daniela","family":"Bispo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and CICECO\u2014Aveiro Institute of Materials (CICECO\/UA), University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Fabris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IByME\u2014Instituto de Biolog\u00eda y Medicina Experimental, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0392-7552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline A.","family":"Lamb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IByME\u2014Instituto de Biolog\u00eda y Medicina Experimental, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Lanari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IByME\u2014Instituto de Biolog\u00eda y Medicina Experimental, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8237-2390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa A.","family":"Helguero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iBIMED\u2014Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Universidade de Aveiro, Agra do Crasto, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3766-4364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana M.","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and CICECO\u2014Aveiro Institute of Materials (CICECO\/UA), University of Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2020, July 15). 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