{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T16:55:59Z","timestamp":1767372959569,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/00215\/2020","UIDP\/00215\/2020","LA\/P\/0064\/2020","UI\/BD\/150750\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00215\/2020","UIDP\/00215\/2020","LA\/P\/0064\/2020","UI\/BD\/150750\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomolecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obesity surgery candidates are at an increased risk of kidney injury, but pre-operative evaluation usually neglects kidney function assessment. This study aimed to identify renal dysfunction in candidates for bariatric surgery. To reduce the sources of bias, subjects with diabetes, prediabetes under metformin treatment, neoplastic or inflammatory diseases were excluded. Patients\u2019 (n = 192) average body mass index was 41.7 \u00b1 5.4 kg\/m2. Among these, 51% (n = 94) had creatinine clearance over 140 mL\/min, 22.4% (n = 43) had proteinuria over 150 mg\/day and 14.6% (n = 28) albuminuria over 30 mg\/day. A creatinine clearance higher than 140 mL\/min was associated with higher levels of proteinuria and albuminuria. Univariate analysis identified sex, glycated hemoglobin, uric acid, HDL and VLDL cholesterol as being associated with albuminuria, but not with proteinuria. On multivariate analysis, glycated hemoglobin and creatinine clearance as continuous variables were significantly associated with albuminuria. In summary, in our patient population prediabetes, lipid abnormalities and hyperuricemia were associated with albuminuria, but not with proteinuria, suggesting different disease mechanisms might be implicated. Data suggest that in obesity-associated kidney disease, tubulointerstitial injury precedes glomerulopathy. A significant proportion of obesity surgery candidates present clinically relevant albuminuria and proteinuria along with renal hyperfiltration, suggesting that routine pre-operative assessment of these parameters should be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13050790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T02:03:18Z","timestamp":1683165798000},"page":"790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Renal Dysfunction Phenotypes in Patients Undergoing Obesity Surgery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Pedro R.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar de Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro (CHTMAD), 5000-508 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"UMIB\u2014Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS\u2014School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ITR\u2014Laboratory of Integrative and Translocation Research in Population Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1517-812X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMIB\u2014Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS\u2014School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ITR\u2014Laboratory of Integrative and Translocation Research in Population Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3813-8107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia C.","family":"Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMIB\u2014Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS\u2014School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ITR\u2014Laboratory of Integrative and Translocation Research in Population Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6947-4560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia S.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMIB\u2014Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS\u2014School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ITR\u2014Laboratory of Integrative and Translocation Research in Population Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Nora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Hospital S\u00e3o Sebasti\u00e3o, Centro Hospitalar de Entre o Douro e Vouga, Rua Dr. C\u00e2ndido Pinho, 4050-220 Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMIB\u2014Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS\u2014School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ITR\u2014Laboratory of Integrative and Translocation Research in Population Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Hospital S\u00e3o Sebasti\u00e3o, Centro Hospitalar de Entre o Douro e Vouga, Rua Dr. C\u00e2ndido Pinho, 4050-220 Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0662-1831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana P.","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMIB\u2014Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS\u2014School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ITR\u2014Laboratory of Integrative and Translocation Research in Population Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8818-2141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anabela","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMIB\u2014Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS\u2014School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ITR\u2014Laboratory of Integrative and Translocation Research in Population Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Santo Ant\u00f3nio, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31679-8","article-title":"Global, regional, and 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