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(RNRMN)","award":["UIDP\/00215\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00215\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Rede Nacional de Resson\u00e2ncia Magn\u00e9tica Nuclear (RNRMN)","award":["POCI\/COMPETE2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI\/COMPETE2020"]}]},{"name":"Rede Nacional de Resson\u00e2ncia Magn\u00e9tica Nuclear (RNRMN)","award":["REEQ\/481\/QUI\/2006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REEQ\/481\/QUI\/2006"]}]},{"name":"Rede Nacional de Resson\u00e2ncia Magn\u00e9tica Nuclear (RNRMN)","award":["RECI\/QEQ-QFI\/0168\/2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RECI\/QEQ-QFI\/0168\/2012"]}]},{"name":"Rede Nacional de Resson\u00e2ncia Magn\u00e9tica Nuclear (RNRMN)","award":["CENTRO-07-CT62-FEDER-002012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CENTRO-07-CT62-FEDER-002012"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomedicines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Stress, as a physiological response, is a major factor that affects several processes, including reproductive functions. The main hormonal players of stress are cortisol (humans) and corticosterone (rodents). Sertoli cells (SCs), as key contributors for the testicular homeostasis maintenance, are extensively challenged by different hormones, with glucocorticoid corticosterone being the signaling modulator that may impact these cells at different levels. We aimed to characterize how corticosterone modulates SCs energy balance, putting the mitochondrial performance and signaling output in perspective as the cells can disperse to the surroundings. TM4 mouse SCs were cultured in the absence and presence of corticosterone (in nM: 20, 200, and 2000). Cells were assessed for extracellular metabolic fluxes, mitochondrial performance (cell respirometry, mitochondrial potential, and mitochondrial complex expressions and activities), and the expression of androgen and corticosteroid receptors, as well as interleukine-6 (IL-6) and glutathione content. Corticosterone presented a biphasic impact on the extracellular fluxes of metabolites. Low sub-physiological corticosterone stimulated the glycolytic activity of SCs. Still, no alterations were perceived for lactate and alanine production. However, the lactate\/alanine ratio was decreased in a dose-dependent mode, opposite to the mitochondrial complex II activity rise and concurrent with the decrease of IL-6 expression levels. Our results suggest that corticosterone finely tuned the energetic profile of mouse SCs, with sub-physiological concentrations promoting glycolytic expenditure, without translating into cell redox power and mitochondrial respiratory chain performance. Corticosterone deeply impacted the expression of the pro-inflammatory IL-6, which may alter cell-to-cell communication in the testis, in the last instance and impact of the spermatogenic performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10092331","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T21:47:27Z","timestamp":1663624047000},"page":"2331","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Stress Hormone Corticosterone Controls Metabolic Mitochondrial Performance and Inflammatory Signaling of In Vitro Cultured Sertoli Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7172-4266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana M.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carina T.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Urogenital Research Unit, Rio De Janeiro State University, Rio De Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1941-6634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel L.","family":"Bernardino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Jarak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, P\u00f3lo III\u2013P\u00f3lo das Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rui A.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2574-7058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. A.","family":"Pereira-Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urogenital Research Unit, Rio De Janeiro State University, Rio De Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3456-5029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo B.","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urogenital Research Unit, Rio De Janeiro State University, Rio De Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7635-783X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco G.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4989-5699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro F.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Glucocorticoids, stress, and fertility","volume":"35","author":"Whirledge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Minerva Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"126","article-title":"Facial expression in Down syndrome in the newborn and premature infant","volume":"10","author":"Kosenow","year":"1991","journal-title":"Kinderkrankenschwester"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1644\/BHE-003.1","article-title":"Stress in Free-Ranging Mammals: Integrating Physiology, Ecology, and Natural History","volume":"86","author":"Reeder","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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