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Malnutrition\u2013inflammation\u2013atherosclerosis syndrome is common in the more severe stages of CKD, suggesting a close interplay for these three comorbid conditions. Both malnutrition and obesity are associated with a disturbed adipokine profile and inflammation, contributing to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Adiponectin and leptin have important roles in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and in the inflammatory process. The effects of adiponectin and leptin alterations in CKD, which are usually increased, and their association with the different comorbidities found in CKD, will be focused on to understand their crosstalk with the risk of CVD events. Nonetheless, although adiponectin and leptin contribute to a higher risk of CVD events, further studies are warranted to fully clarify their roles, especially when different comorbidities exist.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10102642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]],"date-time":"2022-10-20T20:35:55Z","timestamp":1666298155000},"page":"2642","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["New Insights into Adiponectin and Leptin Roles in Chronic Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8411-8038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Coimbra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TOXRUN\u2014Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Polit\u00e9cnico e Universit\u00e1rio (CESPU), CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4196-2217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6162-2426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Catarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Bronze-da-Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3941-6850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Belo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Santos-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2008.351","article-title":"Overview of factors contributing to the pathophysiology of progressive renal disease","volume":"74","author":"Schlondorff","year":"2008","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.6970.1","article-title":"Recent advances in understanding of chronic kidney disease","volume":"4","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01192","article-title":"Inflammation in Renal Diseases: New and Old Players","volume":"10","author":"Watanabe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. 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