{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T05:34:36Z","timestamp":1772688876436,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]],"date-time":"2022-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomedicines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The gut microbiota refers to bacteria lodges in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that interact through various complex mechanisms. The disturbance of this ecosystem has been correlated with several diseases, such as neurologic, respiratory, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases and cancer. Therefore, the modulation of the gut microbiota has emerged as a potential therapeutic tool; of the various forms of gut microbiota modulation, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the most approached. This recent technique involves introducing fecal material from a healthy donor into the patient\u2019s gastrointestinal tract, aiming to restore the gut microbiota and lead to the resolution of symptoms. This procedure implies a careful donor choice, fine collection and handling of fecal material, and a balanced preparation of the recipient and consequent administration of the prepared content. Although FMT is considered a biological therapy with promising effects, side effects such as diarrhea and abdominal pain have also been claimed, making this a significant challenge in the application of FMT. Bearing this in mind, the present review aims to summarize the recent advances in understanding FMT mechanisms, their impact across different pathological conditions, and the associated side effects, emphasizing the most recent published data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10112742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]],"date-time":"2022-10-29T23:45:00Z","timestamp":1667087100000},"page":"2742","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Current Trends and Challenges of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation\u2014An Easy Method That Works for All?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"C\u00e1tia","family":"Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LaBMI\u2014Laboratory of Medical & Industrial Biotechnology, Porto Polytechnic Institute, 4200-375 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Porto University, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"FP-i3ID, HEFP, FCS-UFP\u2014Fernando Pessoa Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0258-9472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FP-i3ID, HEFP, FCS-UFP\u2014Fernando Pessoa Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3740-862X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Baylina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LaBMI\u2014Laboratory of Medical & Industrial Biotechnology, Porto Polytechnic Institute, 4200-375 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ESS-IPP\u2014Health School, Porto Polytechnic Institute, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"i3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8933-3984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u00faben","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LaBMI\u2014Laboratory of Medical & Industrial Biotechnology, Porto Polytechnic Institute, 4200-375 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"FP-i3ID, HEFP, FCS-UFP\u2014Fernando Pessoa Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"i3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1461-9077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio G.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LaBMI\u2014Laboratory of Medical & Industrial Biotechnology, Porto Polytechnic Institute, 4200-375 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"i3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u2019s-PT Government Associated Lab, 4710-057\/4805-107 Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4537-5450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Barata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LaBMI\u2014Laboratory of Medical & Industrial Biotechnology, Porto Polytechnic Institute, 4200-375 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"FP-i3ID, HEFP, FCS-UFP\u2014Fernando Pessoa Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"i3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rinninella, E., Raoul, P., Cintoni, M., Franceschi, F., Miggiano, G.A.D., Gasbarrini, A., and Mele, M.C. 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