{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T17:50:25Z","timestamp":1774374625022,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese Institute for Sport and Youth","award":["CP\/217\/DDT\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP\/217\/DDT\/2022"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Institute for Sport and Youth","award":["MS-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS-03"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Spain and the European Union","award":["CP\/217\/DDT\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP\/217\/DDT\/2022"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Spain and the European Union","award":["MS-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS-03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomedicines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies have reported that people with fibromyalgia (FM) could suffer from mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the consumption of muscle oxygen during physical exercise has been poorly studied. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the response of muscle oxygen during a fatigue protocol in people with FM and healthy controls (HC). In addition, the peak torque and the total work were assessed. A total of 31 participants (eighteen were people with fibromyalgia and thirteen were healthy controls) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All the participants underwent a fatigue protocol consisting of 20 repetitions at 180\u00b0\u00b7s\u22121 of quadriceps flexions and extensions using a Biodex System 3. The muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2), total hemoglobin (THb), deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) and oxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb) values were measured using a portable near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device. Significant differences between people with FM and healthy controls were found at baseline: SmO2 (FM: 56.03 \u00b1 21.36; HC: 77.41 \u00b1 10.82; p = 0.036), O2Hb (FM: 6.69 \u00b1 2.59; HC: 9.37 \u00b1 1.31; p = 0.030) and HHb (FM: 5.20 \u00b1 2.51; HC: 2.73 \u00b1 1.32; p = 0.039); during the fatigue protocol: SmO2 (FM: 48.54 \u00b1 19.96; HC: 58.87 \u00b1 19.72; p = 0.038), O2Hb (FM: 5.70 \u00b1 2.34; HC: 7.06 \u00b1 2.09; p = 0.027) and HHb (FM: 5.69 \u00b1 2.65; HC: 4.81 \u00b1 2.39; p = 0.048); and in the recovery at three min and six min for SmO2, O2Hb and HHb (p &lt; 0.005). Furthermore, healthy control values of SmO2, O2Hb and HHb have been significantly altered by the fatigue protocol (p &lt; 0.005). In contrast, people with FM did not show any significant alteration in these values. Moreover, significant differences were found in the peak torque at extension (FM: 62.48 \u00b1 24.45; HC: 88.31 \u00b1 23.51; p = 0.033) and flexion (FM: 24.16 \u00b1 11.58; HC: 42.05 \u00b1 9.85; p = 0.010), and the total work performed at leg extension (FM: 1039.78 \u00b1 434.51; HC: 1535.61 \u00b1 474.22; p = 0.007) and flexion (FM: 423.79 \u00b1 239.89; HC: 797.16 \u00b1 194.37; p = 0.005).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11010132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T01:33:30Z","timestamp":1672882410000},"page":"132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The Behavior of Muscle Oxygen Saturation, Oxy and Deoxy Hemoglobin during a Fatigue Test in Fibromyalgia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0784-1753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santos","family":"Villafaina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 C\u00e1ceres, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7780-3942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Tomas-Carus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Desporto e Sa\u00fade, Escola de Sa\u00fade e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7004-516 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of \u00c9vora, 7004-516 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Vanda","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Family Health Unit\u2014Lusitania, Rua do Ferragial do Po\u00e7o Novo, S\/N, 7000-727 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3854-9130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rodrigues","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas e da Sa\u00fade, Escola de Sa\u00fade e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7004-516 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Orlando","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Desporto e Sa\u00fade, Escola de Sa\u00fade e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7004-516 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of \u00c9vora, 7004-516 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5254-7409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose A.","family":"Parraca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Desporto e Sa\u00fade, Escola de Sa\u00fade e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7004-516 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of \u00c9vora, 7004-516 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20140","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology Preliminary Diagnostic Criteria for Fibromyalgia and Measurement of Symptom Severity","volume":"62","author":"Wolfe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Fuentes, D., Obrero-Gait\u00e1n, E., Zagalaz-Anula, N., Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Vera, A.J., Achalandabaso-Ochoa, A., L\u00f3pez-Ruiz, M.D.C., Rodr\u00edguez-Almagro, D., and Lomas-Vega, R. 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