{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T16:43:06Z","timestamp":1764175386424,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":175,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010767","name":"Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["777500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["777500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and EFPIA","award":["777500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["777500"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomedicines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The different definitions of chronic pelvic\/visceral pain used by international societies have changed over the years. These differences have a great impact on the way researchers study chronic pelvic\/visceral pain. Recently, the role of systemic changes, including the role of the central nervous system, in the perpetuation and chronification of pelvic\/visceral pain has gained weight. Consequently, researchers are using animal models that resemble those systemic changes rather than using models that are organ- or tissue-specific. In this review, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using bladder-centric and systemic models, enumerating some of the central nervous system changes and pain-related behaviors occurring in each model. We also present some drawbacks when using animal models and pain-related behavior tests and raise questions about possible, yet to be demonstrated, investigator-related bias. We also suggest new approaches to study chronic pelvic\/visceral pain by refining existing animal models or using new ones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11030696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T04:05:40Z","timestamp":1677470740000},"page":"696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Unmet Needs for Studying Chronic Pelvic\/Visceral Pain Using Animal Models"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5292-4390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Catarina","family":"Neto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"I3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7977-5786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Santos-Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"I3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4304-7023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Abreu-Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Centro Hospitalar de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Physiology and Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3301-8376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delminda","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"I3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3036-3211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrique","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"I3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Ginecologia-Obstetr\u00edcia, Hospital-CUF Porto, 4100-180 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4551-514X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Centro Hospitalar de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Physiology and Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7717-7790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Charrua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"I3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001390","article-title":"The IASP Classification of Chronic Pain for ICD-11: Chronic Primary Pain","volume":"160","author":"Nicholas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001362","article-title":"The IASP Classification of Chronic Pain for ICD-11: Chronic Secondary Visceral Pain","volume":"160","author":"Aziz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Merskey, H., and Bogduk, N. (1994). Classification of Chronic Pain, Second Edition (Revised), IASP Press."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"hoac009","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoac009","article-title":"ESHRE Guideline: Endometriosis","volume":"2022","author":"Becker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Open"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"International Working Group of AAGL, ESGE, ESHRE and WES, Tomassetti, C., Johnson, N.P., Petrozza, J., Abrao, M.S., Einarsson, J.I., Horne, A.W., Lee, T.T.M., Missmer, S., and Vermeulen, N. (2021). An International Terminology for Endometriosis, 2021. Hum. Reprod. Open, 2021, hoab029.","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoab029"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2009.08.020","article-title":"EAU Guidelines on Chronic Pelvic Pain","volume":"57","author":"Fall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000002756","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome","volume":"208","author":"Erickson","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23072","article-title":"A Standard for Terminology in Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndromes: A Report from the Chronic Pelvic Pain Working Group of the International Continence Society","volume":"36","author":"Doggweiler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24846","article-title":"International Continence Society (ICS) Report on the Terminology for Sexual Health in Men with Lower Urinary Tract (LUT) and Pelvic Floor (PF) Dysfunction","volume":"41","author":"Kocjancic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.09.019","article-title":"Diagnostic Criteria, Classification, and Nomenclature for Painful Bladder Syndrome\/Interstitial Cystitis: An ESSIC Proposal","volume":"53","author":"Nordling","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2012.05.023","article-title":"Mapping of Pain Phenotypes in Female Patients with Bladder Pain Syndrome\/Interstitial Cystitis and Controls","volume":"62","author":"Tripp","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2427","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dev147","article-title":"Pain Typology and Incident Endometriosis","volume":"30","author":"Schliep","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.10.030","article-title":"Risk of Developing Major Depression and Anxiety Disorders among Women with Endometriosis: A Longitudinal Follow-up Study","volume":"190","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E903","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2012.11539.x","article-title":"Comorbidities of Bladder Pain Syndrome\/Interstitial Cystitis: A Population-BasedStudy","volume":"110","author":"Keller","year":"2012","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22348","article-title":"A Case-Control Study on the Association between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Bladder Pain Syndrome\/Interstitial Cystitis","volume":"32","author":"Keller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729642","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2021.729642","article-title":"Peripheral, Central, and Cross Sensitization in Endometriosis-Associated Pain and Comorbid Pain Syndromes","volume":"3","author":"McNamara","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Reprod. Health"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2012.01.032","article-title":"Changes in Regional Gray Matter Volume in Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain: AVoxel-Based Morphometry Study","volume":"153","author":"Harris","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.09.008","article-title":"Functional Connectivity Is Associated With Altered Brain Chemistry in Women with Endometriosis-Associated Chronic Pelvic Pain","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.09.092","article-title":"Alterations in Connectivity on Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Provocation of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A MAPP Research Network Feasibility Study of Urological Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndromes","volume":"195","author":"Kleinhans","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.03.093","article-title":"Alterations in Resting State Oscillations and Connectivity in Sensory and Motor Networks in Women with Interstitial Cystitis\/Painful Bladder Syndrome","volume":"192","author":"Kilpatrick","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.01.025","article-title":"Increased Startle Responses in Interstitial Cystitis: Evidence for Central Hyperresponsiveness to Visceral Related Threat","volume":"181","author":"Twiss","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65295-0","article-title":"Diurnal Cortisol Variations and Symptoms in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis","volume":"167","author":"Lutgendorf","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.03.029","article-title":"Dysmenorrhoea Is Associated with Central Changes in Otherwise Healthy Women","volume":"152","author":"Vincent","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1080\/03630242.2021.1993423","article-title":"Association between Severity of Pain, Perceived Stress and Vagally-Mediated Heart Rate Variability in Women with Endometriosis","volume":"61","author":"Gamboa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Women Health"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22542","article-title":"Can the Adrenergic System Be Implicated in the Pathophysiology of Bladder Pain Syndrome\/Interstitial Cystitis? A Clinical and Experimental Study","volume":"34","author":"Charrua","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.02.122","article-title":"Clinical Phenotyping of Women with Interstitial Cystitis\/Painful Bladder Syndrome: AKey to Classification and Potentially Improved Management","volume":"182","author":"Nickel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E758","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.2031","article-title":"Multiple Sensitivity Phenotype in Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Fuoco","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can. Urol. Assoc. J."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2014.08.018","article-title":"Adding a Sexual Dysfunction Domain to UPOINT System Improves Association withSymptoms in Women with Interstitial Cystitis and Bladder Pain Syndrome","volume":"84","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0b013e3283652a9d","article-title":"Clinical Phenotyping of Urologic Pain Patients","volume":"23","author":"Kartha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Urol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000000250","article-title":"Clustering of Patients with Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome and ChronicProstatitis\/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome","volume":"202","author":"Lai","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003461","article-title":"Optimal Management of Endometriosis and Pain","volume":"134","author":"Nezhat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmq050","article-title":"Chronic Pelvic Pain and Endometriosis: Translational Evidence of the Relationship and Implications","volume":"17","author":"Stratton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.03.046","article-title":"Laparoscopic Excision of Endometriosis: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial","volume":"82","author":"Abbott","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S46","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.1832814.407","article-title":"Urothelial Dysfunction and Chronic Inflammation Are Associated With Increased Bladder Sensation in Patients With Chronic Renal Insufficiency","volume":"22","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Neurourol. J."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jhang, J.F., Jiang, Y.H., and Kuo, H.C. (2022). Current Understanding of the Pathophysiology and Novel Treatments of Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome. Biomedicines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10102380"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00030.2012","article-title":"Urothelial Signaling","volume":"93","author":"Birder","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002248","article-title":"Preclinical Models of Endometriosis and Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome: An Innovative Medicines Initiative-PainCare Initiative to Improve Their Value for Translational Research in Pelvic Pain","volume":"162","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Persoons, E., de Clercq, K., van den Eynde, C., Pinto, S.J.P.C., Luyten, K., van Bree, R., Tomassetti, C., Voets, T., and Vriens, J. (2020). Mimicking Sampson\u2019s Retrograde Menstrual Theory in Rats: A New Rat Model forOngoing Endometriosis-Associated Pain. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21072326"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1177\/0023677219856915","article-title":"An Objective and Automated Method for Evaluating Abdominal Hyperalgesia in a RatModel for Endometriosis","volume":"54","author":"Groothuis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lab. Anim."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S195909","article-title":"Mast Cell Stabilizer Ketotifen Reduces Hyperalgesia in a Rodent Model ofSurgically Induced Endometriosis","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pain Res."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e201900405","DOI":"10.1590\/s0102-865020190040000005","article-title":"Effects of Omega-6\/3 and Omega-9\/6 Nutraceuticals on Pain and Fertility inPeritoneal Endometriosis in Rats","volume":"34","author":"Pereira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Cir. Bras."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19877","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-99177-0","article-title":"Eliapixant Is a Selective P2X3 Receptor Antagonist for the Treatmentof Disorders Associated with Hypersensitive Nerve Fibers","volume":"11","author":"Davenport","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15117","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.15117","article-title":"Possible Therapeutic Effect of Royal Jelly on Endometriotic Lesion Size, PainSensitivity, and Neurotrophic Factors in a Rat Model of Endometriosis","volume":"9","author":"Farahani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21430","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202002441R","article-title":"A Mouse Model of Endometriosis That Displays Vaginal, Colon, Cutaneous, andBladder Sensory Comorbidities","volume":"35","author":"Castro","year":"2021","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.5301\/je.5000231","article-title":"Impact of Physical Activity on Pain Perception in an Animal Model ofEndometriosis","volume":"7","author":"Hernandez","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Endometr. Pelvic. Pain Disord."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719118799205","article-title":"Effect of Physical Exercise on Endometriosis Experimentally Induced in Rats","volume":"26","author":"Montenegro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719116687655","article-title":"Impact of Psychological Stress on Pain Perception in an Animal Model ofEndometriosis","volume":"24","author":"Hernandez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/S0254-6272(15)30026-1","article-title":"Effect of Bushenwenyanghuayu Decoction on Nerve Growth Factor andBradykinin\/Bradykinin B1 Receptor in a Endometriosis Dysmenorrhea Mouse Model","volume":"35","author":"Jingwei","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000220","article-title":"Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide Reduces Viscerovisceral Hyperalgesia in aRat Model of Endometriosis plus Ureteral Calculosis: Role of Mast Cells","volume":"157","author":"Iuvone","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-015-1592-3","article-title":"Upregulation of A2\u03b4-1 Calcium Channel Subunit in the Spinal Cord Contributes toPelvic Organ Cross-Sensitization in a Rat Model of Experimentally-Induced Endometriosis","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.02.021","article-title":"Activation of P38 MAPK in the Rostral Ventromedial Medulla by Visceral NoxiousInputs Transmitted via the Dorsal Columns May Contribute to Pelvic Organ Cross-Sensitization in Rats with Endometriosis","volume":"291","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.06.046","article-title":"Resolvins RvD1 and 17(R)-RvD1 Alleviate Signs of Inflammation in a Rat Model ofEndometriosis","volume":"102","author":"Dmitrieva","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.3109\/01443615.2014.941345","article-title":"The Effects of Sunitinib on Endometriosis","volume":"35","author":"Pala","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Obs. Gynaecol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-014-3295-4","article-title":"Atorvastatin Exerts Anti-Nociceptive Activity and Decreases Serum Levels ofHigh-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 in a Rat Endometriosis Model","volume":"290","author":"Simsek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol. Obs."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12038","article-title":"Effects of Tramadol on Viscero-Visceral Hyperalgesia in a Rat Model ofEndometriosis plus Ureteral Calculosis","volume":"28","author":"Lopopolo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fundam. Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.09.022","article-title":"Endometriosis-Induced Vaginal Hyperalgesia in the Rat: Role of the EctopicGrowths and Their Innervation","volume":"147","author":"McAllister","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719110381928","article-title":"Levo-Tetrahydropalmatine Retards the Growth of Ectopic Endometrial Implants andAlleviates Generalized Hyperalgesia in Experimentally Induced Endometriosis in Rats","volume":"18","author":"Zhao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep472","article-title":"Trichostatin A, a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Reduces Lesion Growth andHyperalgesia in Experimentally Induced Endometriosis in Mice","volume":"25","author":"Lu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.04.039","article-title":"Influence of Endometriosis on Visceromotor and Cardiovascular Responses Inducedby Vaginal Distention in the Rat","volume":"132","author":"Nagabukuro","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0018-506X(03)00121-1","article-title":"Estrous Changes in Vaginal Nociception in a Rat Model of Endometriosis","volume":"44","author":"Cason","year":"2003","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00405-5","article-title":"Influence of Endometriosis on Pain Behaviors and Muscle Hyperalgesia Induced by aUreteral Calculosis in Female Rats","volume":"95","author":"Giamberardino","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-019-00397-1","article-title":"Peritoneal Endometriosis Induces Time-Related Depressive- and Anxiety-likeAlterations in Female Rats: Involvement of Hippoca.ampal pro-Oxidative and BDNF Alterations","volume":"34","author":"Filho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McAllister, S.L., Dmitrieva, N., and Berkley, K.J. (2012). Sprouted Innervation into Uterine Transplants Contributes to the Development ofHyperalgesia in a Rat Model of Endometriosis. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031758"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00495","article-title":"Fractalkine\/CX3CR1 Contributes to Endometriosis-Induced Neuropathic Pain andMechanical Hypersensitivity in Rats","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2019-0156","article-title":"Effects of Inhibiting the PI3K\/Akt\/MTOR Signaling Pathway on the Pain of SciaticEndometriosis in a Rat Model","volume":"97","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719111424453","article-title":"Valproic Acid and Progestin Inhibit Lesion Growth and Reduce Hyperalgesia inExperimentally Induced Endometriosis in Rats","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134858","article-title":"Anti-Nociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Sulforaphane on SciaticEndometriosis in a Rat Model","volume":"723","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001832","article-title":"Nonsurgical Mouse Model of Endometriosis-Associated Pain That Responds toClinically Active Drugs","volume":"161","author":"Fattori","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2016.04.013","article-title":"A Model for Radiating Leg Pain of Endometriosis","volume":"20","author":"Bove","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Bodyw. Mov."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.827","article-title":"Sciatic Endometriosis Induces Mechanical Hypersensitivity, Segmental NerveDamage, and Robust Local Inflammation in Rats","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-02066-y","article-title":"Suppression of TLR4-MyD88 Signaling Pathway Attenuated Chronic Mechanical Pain ina Rat Model of Endometriosis","volume":"18","author":"Su","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2014.04.002","article-title":"Screening the Role of Pronociceptive Molecules in a Rodent Model of EndometriosisPain","volume":"15","author":"Alvarez","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.527","article-title":"Impact of Surgical Excision of Lesions on Pain in a Rat Model of Endometriosis","volume":"19","author":"Alvarez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.11.008","article-title":"Ectopic Endometrium-Derived Leptin Produces Estrogen-Dependent Chronic Pain in aRat Model of Endometriosis","volume":"258","author":"Alvarez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.08.033","article-title":"Ectopic Uterine Tissue as a Chronic Pain Generator","volume":"225","author":"Alvarez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002552","article-title":"A Syngeneic Inoculation Mouse Model of Endometriosis That Develops MultipleComorbid Visceral and Cutaneous Pain like Behaviours","volume":"163","author":"Maddern","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44169","DOI":"10.1038\/srep44169","article-title":"EP2 Receptor Antagonism Reduces Peripheral and Central Hyperalgesia in a Preclinical Mouse Model of Endometriosis","volume":"7","author":"Greaves","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9716","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1507931112","article-title":"Molecular and Preclinical Basis to Inhibit PGE2 Receptors EP2 and EP4 as a NovelNonsteroidal Therapy for Endometriosis","volume":"112","author":"Arosh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719118773405","article-title":"Spinal Glial Adaptations Occur in a Minimally Invasive Mouse Model ofEndometriosis: Potential Implications for Lesion Etiology and Persistent Pelvic Pain","volume":"26","author":"Dodds","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei, X., and Shao, X. (2018). Nobiletin Alleviates Endometriosis via Down-Regulating NF-\u039aB Activity inEndometriosis Mouse Model. Biosci. Rep., 38.","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20180470"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2014.11.013","article-title":"Increased Expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 in Endometriosis andIts Correlation with Endometriosis-Related Dysmenorrhea and Recurrence","volume":"184","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obs. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.800","article-title":"Dynamic Weight Bearing as a Non-Reflexive Method for the Measurement of AbdominalPain in Mice","volume":"20","author":"Boyken","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2014.05.017","article-title":"Use of Dynamic Weight Bearing as a Novel End-Point for the Assessment ofAbdominal Pain in the LPS-Induced Peritonitis Model in the Rat","volume":"232","author":"Gruen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20410","article-title":"Enhanced Expression of Mast Cell Growth Factor and Mast Cell Activation in the Bladder Following the Resolution of Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid (TNBS) Colitis in Female Rats","volume":"26","author":"Liang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.12.090","article-title":"Liposome Based Intravesical Therapy Targeting Nerve Growth Factor Ameliorates Bladder Hypersensitivity in Rats with Experimental Colitis","volume":"195","author":"Kawamorita","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F123","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00162.2006","article-title":"Sensitization of Pelvic Nerve Afferents and Mast Cell Infiltration in the Urinary Bladder Following Chronic Colonic Irritation Is Mediated by Neuropeptides","volume":"292","author":"Ustinova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S336242","article-title":"Inhibition of CXCR4 in Spinal Cord and DRG with AMD3100 Attenuates Colon-Bladder Cross-Organ Sensitization","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug. Des. Devel."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.03.008","article-title":"A Model of Neural Cross-Talk and Irritation in the Pelvis: Implications for the Overlap of Chronic Pelvic Pain Disorders","volume":"128","author":"Pezzone","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e121841","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.121841","article-title":"Chronic Linaclotide Treatment Reduces Colitis-Induced Neuroplasticity and Reverses Persistent Bladder Dysfunction","volume":"3","author":"Grundy","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2746","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21714","article-title":"Inflammation in the Uterus Induces Phosphorylated Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase and Substance P Immunoreactivity in Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons Innervating Both Uterus and Colon in Rats","volume":"86","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-017-0531-7","article-title":"Establishment of a Novel Autoimmune Experimental Model of Bladder Pain Syndrome\/Interstitial Cystitis in C57BL\/6 Mice","volume":"40","author":"Jin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F174","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00290.2020","article-title":"Autoimmunity to Urothelial Antigen Causes Bladder Inflammation, Pelvic Pain, and Voiding Dysfunction: A Novel Animal Model for Hunner-Type Interstitial Cystitis","volume":"320","author":"Akiyama","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-018-0888-2","article-title":"The Effects of Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonist in an Experimental Autoimmune Cystitis Model Resembling Bladder Pain Syndrome\/Interstitial Cystitis","volume":"42","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Izgi, K., Altuntas, C.Z., Bicer, F., Ozer, A., Sakalar, C., Li, X., Tuohy, V.K., and Daneshgari, F. (2013). Uroplakin Peptide-Specific Autoimmunity Initiates Interstitial Cystitis\/Painful Bladder Syndrome in Mice. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072067"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)37091-X","article-title":"Experimental Autoimmune Cystitis: A Potential Murine Model for Ulcerative Interstitial Cystitis","volume":"148","author":"Bullock","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X., Liu, W., O\u2019Donnell, M., Lutgendorf, S., Bradley, C., Schrepf, A., Liu, L., Kreder, K., and Luo, Y. (2016). Evidence for the Role of Mast Cells in Cystitis-Associated Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain Research Network Animal Model Study. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168772"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-021-00882-9","article-title":"Cross-Organ Sensitization between the Prostate and Bladder in an Experimental Rat Model of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Aydogdu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Urol."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.03.077","article-title":"Chronic Prostatitis Induces Bladder Hypersensitivity and Sensitizes Bladder Afferents in the Mouse","volume":"196","author":"Schwartz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1113\/JP277452","article-title":"Bladder Overactivity and Afferent Hyperexcitability Induced by Prostate-to-Bladder Cross-Sensitization in Rats with Prostatic Inflammation","volume":"597","author":"Funahashi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2018.02.1445","article-title":"MP45-06 Bladder Urothelial and Afferent Dysfunctions Underlying Bladder Overactivity in Rats with Chemically Induced Prostatic Inflammation","volume":"199","author":"Mizoguchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10016","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-23-10016.1998","article-title":"Activation of CNS Circuits Producing a Neurogenic Cystitis: Evidence for Centrally Induced Peripheral Inflammation","volume":"18","author":"Jasmin","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00081.2006","article-title":"Urothelial Lesion Formation Is Mediated by TNFR1 during Neurogenic Cystitis","volume":"291","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00472.2006","article-title":"RANTES Mediates TNF-Dependent Lamina Propria Mast Cell Accumulation and Barrier Dysfunction in Neurogenic Cystitis","volume":"292","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67326-0","article-title":"CNS Induced Neurogenic Cystitis Is Associated with Bladder Mast Cell Degranulation in the Rat","volume":"164","author":"Jasmin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00077.2012","article-title":"Ca 2 \/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Is Associated with Pelvic Pain of Neurogenic Cystitis","volume":"303","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00239.2017","article-title":"Acyloxyacyl Hydrolase Modulates Pelvic Pain Severity","volume":"314","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rudick, C.N., Bryce, P.J., Guichelaar, L.A., Berry, R.E., and Klumpp, D.J. (2008). Mast Cell-Derived Histamine Mediates Cystitis Pain. PLoS ONE, 3.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002096"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1191","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00411.2007","article-title":"Organ Cross Talk Modulates Pelvic Pain","volume":"293","author":"Rudick","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20917","article-title":"Development of Bladder Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Dopaminergic Brain Lesion","volume":"30","author":"Soler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705388","article-title":"Dopaminergic Mechanisms Underlying Bladder Hyperactivity in Rats with a Unilateral 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) Lesion of the Nigrostriatal Pathway","volume":"139","author":"Yoshimura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.12744","article-title":"Bladder Pain Induced by Prolonged Peripheral Alpha 1A Adrenoceptor Stimulation Involves the Enhancement of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 Activity and an Increase of Urothelial Adenosine Triphosphate Release","volume":"218","author":"Matos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Physiol."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10069","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46517-w","article-title":"Intermittent Restraint Stress Induces Circadian Misalignment in the Mouse Bladder, Leading to Nocturia","volume":"9","author":"Ihara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1007\/s002400050135","article-title":"The Effects of Cold-Restraint Stress on Urinary Bladder Wall Compared with Interstitial Cystitis Morphology","volume":"27","author":"Ercan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Urol. Res."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1159\/000074093","article-title":"Volume of Nerve Fibers in the Stress-Induced Bladder of Adult Rats Following Capsaicin Treatment","volume":"71","author":"Ercan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Urol. Int."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.04.026","article-title":"Acute Stress and Intravesical Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Induces Mast Cell Dependent Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Release From Mouse Bladder Explants","volume":"176","author":"Cao","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-017-1384-1","article-title":"The Water Avoidance Stress Induces Bladder Pain Due to a Prolonged Alpha1A Adrenoceptor Stimulation","volume":"390","author":"Matos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000145891.35810.56","article-title":"Protective Effect of Melatonin on Water Avoidance Stress Induced Degeneration of the Bladder","volume":"173","author":"Ercan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967.e1-7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2011.06.041","article-title":"The Effects of Acute and Chronic Psychological Stress on Bladder Function in a Rodent Model","volume":"78","author":"Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14113","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-50576-4","article-title":"Effect of Water Avoidance Stress on Serum and Urinary NGF Levels in Rats: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications for BPS\/IC Patients","volume":"9","author":"Dias","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2014.11.045","article-title":"Chronic Psychological Stress in High-Anxiety Rats Induces Sustained Bladder Hyperalgesia","volume":"139","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2006.06511.x","article-title":"An Aqueous Garlic Extract Alleviates Water Avoidance Stress-Induced Degeneration of the Urinary Bladder","volume":"98","author":"Zeybek","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/luts.12048","article-title":"Bladder Hyperactivity Induced by Chronic Variable Stress in Rats","volume":"7","author":"Han","year":"2015","journal-title":"LUTS Low. Urin. Tract Symptoms"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.12129","article-title":"Cold Stress Induces Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms","volume":"20","author":"Imamura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20497","article-title":"Cold Environmental Stress Induces Detrusor Overactivity via Resiniferatoxin-Sensitive Nerves in Conscious Rats","volume":"27","author":"Imamura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R893","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00500.2013","article-title":"Social Stress Induces Changes in Urinary Bladder Function, Bladder NGF Content, and Generalized Bladder Inflammation in Mice","volume":"307","author":"Mingin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R629","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00013.2015","article-title":"Social Stress in Mice Induces Urinary Bladder Overactivity and Increases TRPV 1 Channel-Dependent Afferent Nerve Activity","volume":"309","author":"Mingin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.91013.2008","article-title":"Social Stress-Induced Bladder Dysfunction: Potential Role of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor","volume":"296","author":"Wood","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001703","article-title":"Foot Shock Stress Generates Persistent Widespread Hypersensitivity and Anhedonic Behavior in an Anxiety-Prone Strain of Mice","volume":"161","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2008.05.006","article-title":"Footshock-Induced Urinary Bladder Hypersensitivity: Role of Spinal Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptors","volume":"9","author":"Robbins","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13375","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13375","article-title":"Linaclotide Inhibits Colonic and Urinary Bladder Hypersensitivity in Adult Female Rats Following Unpredictable Neonatal Stress","volume":"30","author":"Ligon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.11.008","article-title":"Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Unpredictable Early Life Adversity on Visceral Pain Behavior in a Rodent Model","volume":"14","author":"Chaloner","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2017.02.915","article-title":"MP29-03 Childhood Stressful Events Induce Chronic Bladder Pain in Adulthood through a TRPV1 Dependent Mechanism","volume":"197","author":"Matos","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2017.00097","article-title":"Differential Influence of Early Life and Adult Stress on Urogenital Sensitivity and Function in Male Mice","volume":"11","author":"Fuentes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23530","article-title":"Voluntary Wheel Running Attenuates Urinary Bladder Hypersensitivity and Dysfunction Following Neonatal Maternal Separation in Female Mice","volume":"37","author":"Pierce","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806574","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.806574","article-title":"Endometriosis in the Mouse: Challenges and Progress Toward a \u2018Best Fit\u2019 Murine Model","volume":"12","author":"Burns","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101726","article-title":"Novel Ovarian Endometriosis Model Causes Infertility via Iron-Mediated Oxidative Stress in Mice","volume":"37","author":"Hayashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S232313","article-title":"Central Sensitization-Related Changes in Brain Function Activity in a Rat Endometriosis-Associated Pain Model","volume":"13","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Pain Res."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioy035","article-title":"Endometriosis Alters Brain Electrophysiology, Gene Expression and Increases Pain Sensitization, Anxiety, and Depression in Female Mice","volume":"99","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.3389\/fpain.2022.1031058","article-title":"The History of Pain Measurement in Humans and Animals","volume":"3","author":"Mogil","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pain Res."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tejada, M., Ant\u00fanez Mu\u00f1oz, C., Nunez-Badinez, P., de Leo, B., Saunders, P., Vincent, K., Cano, A., Nagel, J., and G\u00f3mez, R. (2023). Rodent Animal Models of Endometriosis-Associated Pain: Unmet Needs and Resources Available for Improving Translational Research in Endometriosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032422"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.09.016","article-title":"Importance of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Visceral Pain Induced by Chronic Water Avoidance Stress","volume":"38","author":"Tran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G307","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00240.2001","article-title":"Neonatal Maternal Separation Alters Stress-Induced Responses to Viscerosomatic Nociceptive Stimuli in Rat","volume":"282","author":"Coutinho","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-020-00600-4","article-title":"Early Maternal Separation Accelerates the Progression of Endometriosis in AdultMice","volume":"18","author":"Long","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_144","first-page":"e53181","article-title":"Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation","volume":"2015","author":"Fuentes","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002178","article-title":"Voluntary Wheel Running Improves Outcomes in an Early Life Stress-Induced Model of Urologic Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome in Male Mice","volume":"162","author":"Fuentes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e888","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2016.168","article-title":"Glial Contributions to Visceral Pain: Implications for Disease Etiology and the Female Predominance of Persistent Pain","volume":"6","author":"Dodds","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985816646433","article-title":"Decidualization of Endometriosis in Macaques","volume":"53","author":"Atkins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2352","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew209","article-title":"Characteristics of Histologically Confirmed Endometriosis in Cynomolgus Monkeys","volume":"31","author":"Netsu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.251.241","article-title":"The Natural History of Spontaneously Occurred Endometriosis in Cynomolgus Monkeysby Monthly Follow-Up Laparoscopy for Two Years","volume":"251","author":"Hayashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tohoku J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2018.11.001","article-title":"Chronic Lower Urinary Tract Signs in Cats: Current Understanding of Pathophysiologyand Management","volume":"49","author":"Westropp","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. N. Am. Small Anim. Pr."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3109\/03009738409178472","article-title":"Endometriosis in Rhesus Monkeys","volume":"89","author":"Lindberg","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ups. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey095","article-title":"Spontaneous Endometriosis in Cynomolgus Monkeys as a Clinically Relevant Experimental Model","volume":"33","author":"Netsu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1159\/000292766","article-title":"Morphological Characteristics of Spontaneous Endometriosis in the Baboon (Papio Anubis and Papio Cynocephalus)","volume":"34","author":"Cornillie","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gynecol. Obs. Investig."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey383","article-title":"Pain-Related Behavior and Brain Activation in Cynomolgus Macaques with NaturallyOccurring Endometriosis","volume":"34","author":"Yano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-019-0513-8","article-title":"Endometrium and Endometriosis Tissue Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism in aNonhuman Primate Model","volume":"17","author":"Atkins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.30802\/AALAS-CM-17-000082","article-title":"Systemic Iron Deficiency in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Endometriosis","volume":"68","author":"Atkins","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comp. Med."},{"key":"ref_157","first-page":"4594510","article-title":"Histological and Immunohistochemical Characterization of a Case of Endometriosis in a Guinea Pig (Cavia tschudii)","volume":"2017","author":"Baldi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Case Rep. Vet. Med."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaa029","article-title":"Characteristics of the Endometrium in Menstruating Species: Lessons Learned from the Animal Kingdom","volume":"102","author":"Catalini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_159","first-page":"347","article-title":"Spontaneous External Endometriosis in a Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla)","volume":"26","year":"1985","journal-title":"Can. Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)69129-8","article-title":"In Vivo Models of Interstitial Cystitis","volume":"167","author":"Westropp","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.1835062.531","article-title":"Animal Modelling of Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome","volume":"22","author":"Birder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Neurourol. J."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nishi, M. (2020). Effects of Early-Life Stress on the Brain and Behaviors: Implications of Early Maternal Separation in Rodents. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21197212"},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e905","DOI":"10.1097\/PR9.0000000000000905","article-title":"Autoimmune Regulation of Chronic Pain","volume":"6","author":"Lacagnina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Rep."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2004.2712","article-title":"Large Breasts and Narrow Waists Indicate High Reproductive Potential in Women","volume":"271","author":"Ziomkiewicz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/55.5.950","article-title":"Sex- and Menopause-Associated Changes in Body-Fat Distribution","volume":"55","author":"Ley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2005.00300.x","article-title":"Concentration of Adiponectin in Peritoneal Fluid Is Decreased in Women with Endometriosis","volume":"54","author":"Takemura","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590903015577","article-title":"Leptin Concentrations in the Peritoneal Fluid of Women with Ovarian Endometriosis Are Different According to the Presence of a \u201cdeep\u201d or \u201cSuperficial\u201d Ovarian Disease","volume":"25","author":"Alviggi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gynecol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2010.00840.x","article-title":"Resistin Concentration Is Increased in the Peritoneal Fluid of Women with Endometriosis","volume":"64","author":"Yi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-019-0480-0","article-title":"Adipocyte Alterations in Endometriosis: Reduced Numbers of Stem Cells and MicroRNA Induced Alterations in Adipocyte Metabolic Gene Expression","volume":"17","author":"Zolbin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41222","article-title":"Visceral Adiposity Is Associated with Pain, but Not Structural Osteoarthritis","volume":"72","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20709","article-title":"Body Fat, Especially Visceral Fat, Is Associated with Electrocardiographic Measures of Sympathetic Activation","volume":"22","author":"Hillebrand","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03830-7","article-title":"Neuro-Mesenchymal Units Control ILC2 and Obesity via a Brain\u2013Adipose Circuit","volume":"597","author":"Cardoso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3390\/reprodmed1010004","article-title":"Pathophysiological Basis of Endometriosis-Linked Stress Associated with Pain and Infertility: A Conceptual Review","volume":"1","author":"Ghosh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod. Med."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2870","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2016-1092","article-title":"High-Fat Diet Promotion of Endometriosis in an Immunocompetent Mouse Model Is Associated With Altered Peripheral and Ectopic Lesion Redox and Inflammatory Status","volume":"157","author":"Heard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19169","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55584-y","article-title":"Dysregulation of Bladder Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Human Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Jhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."}],"container-title":["Biomedicines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9059\/11\/3\/696\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:41:29Z","timestamp":1760121689000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9059\/11\/3\/696"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"references-count":175,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["biomedicines11030696"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines11030696","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-9059"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2227-9059"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]}}}