{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T06:39:14Z","timestamp":1776321554879,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomedicines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite technical and pharmacological advancements in recent years, including optimized therapies and personalized medicine, postoperative pain management remains challenging and sometimes undertreated. This review aims to summarize and update how genotype-guided therapeutics within personalized medicine can enhance postoperative pain management. Several studies in the area have demonstrated that genotype-guided therapy has the ability to lower opioid consumption and improve postoperative pain. Gene mutations, primarily OPRM1, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, COMT and ABCB1, have been shown to exert nuanced influences on analgesic response and related pharmacological outcomes. This review underscores the integration of pharmacogenetic-guided personalized medicine into perioperative care, particularly when there is uncertainty regarding opioid prescriptions. This approach leads to superior outcomes in terms of postoperative pain relief and reduced morbidity for numerous patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12040729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T14:00:23Z","timestamp":1711375223000},"page":"729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Pharmacogenetic Approaches in Personalized Medicine for Postoperative Pain Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Maria Leonor","family":"Ferreira do Couto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1326-780X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesiology Department, S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o University Hospital Centre, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2119-4479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel Humberto","family":"Pozza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Research and Innovation in Health and IBMC (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1155\/2004\/397452","article-title":"Recommendations for improved acute pain services: Canadian collaborative acute pain initiative","volume":"9","author":"Goldstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pain Res. 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