{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T08:32:35Z","timestamp":1773995555477,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012818","name":"Comunidad de Madrid","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2025-T1\/SAL-GL-36347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-T1\/SAL-GL-36347"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomedicines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder characterized by pathological remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature, ultimately leading to right heart failure and premature death [...]<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines14030705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T10:11:12Z","timestamp":1773828672000},"page":"705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: From Molecular Basis to Therapeutic Approaches"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2203-436X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Ad\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n (IiSGM), 28007 Madrid, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3618","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac237","article-title":"2022 ESC\/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"43","author":"Humbert","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.4402","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Review","volume":"327","author":"Ruopp","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jara, S., Sotelo, J., Ortiz-Puerta, D., Estevez, P.A., Uribe, S., Chabert, S., and Salas, R. (2025). Physics-Informed Neural Network for Modeling the Pulmonary Artery Blood Pressure from Magnetic Resonance Images: A Reduced-Order Navier-Stokes Model. Biomedicines, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13092058"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shafeghat, M., Raza, Y., Catania, R., Rahsepar, A.A., Tilkens, B., Cuttica, M.J., Freed, B.H., Dai, J., Zhao, Y.Y., and Carr, J.C. (2025). State of the Art in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Molecular Basis, Imaging Modalities, and Right Heart Failure Treatment. Biomedicines, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13071773"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wawrzyniak, R., Gaillard, T., Biesemans, M., Zieba, B., Lewicka, E., Markuszewski, M., and Dabrowska-Kugacka, A. (2025). Plasma Multiplatform Metabolomics Towards Evaluation of Gender Differences in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension-A Pilot Study. Biomedicines, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13071637"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mansoor, M., and Ibrahim, A.F. (2025). Emerging Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Strategies for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Focus on Right Ventricular Dysfunction and Novel Treatment Pathways. Biomedicines, 13.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202502.0441.v1"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Assis, M.Q., Leite, L.B., Guimaraes-Ervilha, L.O., Adao, R., Reis, E.C.C., Natali, A.J., and Machado-Neves, M. (2025). Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension-Induced Reproductive Damage: Effects of Combined Physical Training on Testicular and Epididymal Parameters in Rats. Biomedicines, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13020410"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kedzierski, P., Banaszkiewicz, M., Florczyk, M., Pilka, M., Manczak, R., Wieteska-Milek, M., Szwed, P., Kasperowicz, K., Wrona, K., and Darocha, S. (2025). The Importance of Dose Escalation in the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension with Treprostinil. Biomedicines, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13010172"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e007010","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.007010","article-title":"Helicity and Vorticity of Pulmonary Arterial Flow in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension: Quantitative Analysis of Flow Formations","volume":"6","author":"Schafer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balsa, A., Adao, R., and Bras-Silva, C. (2023). Therapeutic Approaches in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension with Beneficial Effects on Right Ventricular Function-Preclinical Studies. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202310.0012.v1"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2025.133180","article-title":"Sex differences in pulmonary arterial hypertension: Insights from the FOCUS-PAH registry","volume":"430","author":"Pagnesi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiyota, T., Mendes, P., and Pereira, M.C. (2026). The role of the right ventricle in pulmonary arterial hypertension and imaging methods for non-invasive evaluation. Expert Rev. Respir. Med., 1\u201325.","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2025.2601388"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waller, L., Kruger, K., Conrad, K., Weiss, A., and Alack, K. (2020). Effects of Different Types of Exercise Training on Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Systematic Review. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061689"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.31083\/j.rcm2311378","article-title":"Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Emerging Principles of Precision Medicine across Basic Science to Clinical Practice","volume":"23","author":"Kelly","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev. Cardiovasc. Med."}],"container-title":["Biomedicines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9059\/14\/3\/705\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T05:22:07Z","timestamp":1773984127000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9059\/14\/3\/705"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["biomedicines14030705"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines14030705","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-9059"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-9059","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]}}}