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In addition to its excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability, biocompatibility and simple processability into different morphologies, the relevance of PVDF-based materials for tissue engineering applications comes for its electroactive properties, which include piezo-, pyro- and ferroelectricity. Nevertheless, its synthetic nature and inherent hydrophobicity strongly limit the applicability of this polymer for certain purposes, particularly those involving cell attachment. In addition, the variable adhesion of cells and proteins to PVDF surfaces with different net surface charge makes it difficult to accurately compare the biological response in each case. In this work, we describe a method for the surface functionalization of PVDF films with biological molecules. After an initial chemical modification, and, independently of its polarization state, the PVDF films covalently bind equivalent amounts of cell-binding proteins. In addition, the materials retain their properties, including piezoelectric activity, representing a very promising method for the functionalization of PVDF-based tissue engineering approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics10020126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T11:49:27Z","timestamp":1739965767000},"page":"126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Expanding the Applicability of Electroactive Polymers for Tissue Engineering Through Surface Biofunctionalization"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Leiva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures (BCMaterials), UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Irastorza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures (BCMaterials), UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP) and LaPMET\u2014Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Moneo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures (BCMaterials), UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}]},{"given":"Gaskon","family":"Ibarretxe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Biology and Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain"}]},{"given":"Unai","family":"Silvan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures (BCMaterials), UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6791-7620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Senentxu","family":"Lanceros-M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures (BCMaterials), UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP) and LaPMET\u2014Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.3.117","article-title":"Piezoelectric Effects in Collagen","volume":"3","author":"Fukada","year":"1964","journal-title":"Jpn. 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