{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T20:09:23Z","timestamp":1775246963375,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":184,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Health @ InnoHK (Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE)), Innovation and Technology Commission, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomimetics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Surface bacterial fouling has become an urgent global challenge that calls for resilient solutions. Despite the effectiveness in combating bacterial invasion, antibiotics are susceptible to causing microbial antibiotic resistance that threatens human health and compromises the medication efficacy. In nature, many organisms have evolved a myriad of surfaces with specific physicochemical properties to combat bacteria in diverse environments, providing important inspirations for implementing bioinspired approaches. This review highlights representative natural antibacterial surfaces and discusses their corresponding mechanisms, including repelling adherent bacteria through tailoring surface wettability and mechanically killing bacteria via engineering surface textures. Following this, we present the recent progress in bioinspired active and passive antibacterial strategies. Finally, the biomedical applications and the prospects of these antibacterial surfaces are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics7030088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T11:15:05Z","timestamp":1656933305000},"page":"88","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Recent Progress on Bioinspired Antibacterial Surfaces for Biomedical Application"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Xiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China"},{"name":"Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Caradiovasular Health Engineering (COCHE), Shatin, Hong Kong 999077, China"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China"},{"name":"Centre for Nature-Inspired Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2103-9225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuezhi","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China"},{"name":"School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China"}]},{"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China"}]},{"given":"Yunting","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China"}]},{"given":"Kaiqiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"}]},{"given":"Zhenqiang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0661-9827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanbo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3510-1122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zuankai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China"},{"name":"Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Caradiovasular Health Engineering (COCHE), Shatin, Hong Kong 999077, China"},{"name":"Centre for Nature-Inspired Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.3390\/nu3010118","article-title":"Folate production by probiotic bacteria","volume":"3","author":"Rossi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100368","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202100368","article-title":"Surface Design for Antibacterial Materials: From Fundamentals to Advanced Strategies","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. 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